FROM THE INDIAN REGION. A.69 
Platybunus mirus, Lom., from Sumatra, and Pseudarthromerus 
spurius, Karsch, from Ceylon; but since only a part, and 
perhaps a very small part, of the existing Indian species are 
known and hardly any from the neighbouring countries, and 
since the subfamily is a badly defined one, we must be careful 
not to over-estimate the importance of the geographical facts, 
and must particularly avoid drawing conclusions from them. 
Dr. J. C. C. Loman has unfortunately done this. He writes 
in his paper (“‘ Opilioniden der Sammlung Plate,” Zool. Jb. Syst. 
1899) :—“‘ Es ist hier auffillg, wie die Opilioniden aus der europii- 
ischen Familie der Phalangioide nicht in der unteren heiszen Zone 
gefunden, sondern alle im Gebirge gesammelt wird. Aehnliches 
lisst sich von tropischen Afrika und Amerika zur Zeit freilich nur 
vermuthen, da genane Héhenangaben fast nie vorliegen.”’ 
Certain facts seem now to contradict his first conclusion, as 
follows :— 
(1) Gagrella atrata,Stol., and Ceratobunus calcuttensis are found 
in the neighbourhood of Calcutta, which certainly may be called 
a low-country locality. 
(2) Gagrella dentata and G. imperator were taken by the 
‘Galathea’ Expedition on the “ Large” and the “ Little” Nicobars. 
But the description of the voyage seems to prove that the members 
of the expedition did not penetrate far into the interior of the 
islands, and not at all into the mountains. 
Loman’s conclusion about the Indian Phalangide must be 
regarded as too hastily formed and erroneous, and his last 
supposition is also incorrect, at least with regard to America, 
since Dr. Sérensen has informed me that he has taken specimens 
of the genus Liobunum near Riacho del Oro in Gran Chaco 
(Argentina), which is a plain. 
CHARACTERS OF THE GAGRELLINE. 
The subfamily Gagrelline was established by Thorell in 1889. 
The main differences between this section and the Sclerosomatine 
(Sim.) are the foliowing:—The cephalothorax and the first 
dorsal segments of the abdomen form in the Sclerosomatine 
one hard scutum and the apertures of the stink-glands are not 
visible from above. 
In the Gagrelling, on the other hand, only the abdominal 
segments are united to a scutum and the stink-gland apertures 
are visible from above. 
