2 ME. A. W. WATERS ON BRTOZOA FKOM EAPALLO 



also two papers by the same author on the " Polyzoa of the 

 Adriatic" *. 



In the paper above-mentioned I showed the value of the oper- 

 culum, and afterwards of the avicularian mandible, for classifi- 

 catory purposes. These are now being esamined by all workers ; 

 and in various papers, and especially in one recently read before 

 the Microscopical Society, I have also shown that the rosette- 

 plates are another important character ; and now in this paper 

 stress is laid upon noting the position of the radical fibre. 



Therefore, with much extended means of study, it is not 

 surprising that, upon re-examining my Naples material and 

 collection, points should turn up which were overlooked or not 

 recorded. 



The greater part of the present communication relates to the 

 Cellulariidse. Most members of this family throw out corneous 

 tubular radicals ; and the position from which these grow is, 

 as a rule, fairly constant in each species, so that it may be 

 used as a specific character, or even in some m.ay have generic 

 importance. This, however, has been neglected, and has seldom 

 been fullv and correctly described. Also in other families more 

 use ma^ be made of the position of the origin of these tubes, by 

 which the colony becomes firmly attached. 



In the description of the species, it is now shown that in the 



Cellulariidse there are two distinct kinds of articulation. In the 



larger number the new branch is given ofi" from a small chamber 



formed for the purpose. As the type of this section, Menipea 



BusTcii is figured (PL 1. fig. 10) ; and I propose to restrict 



Menipea to those forms having this kind of articulation ; and it 



will then include M. BusTcii, MacGr., M. crystallina. Gray, M. cy- 



• uiJius, Thompson, M. cet^vicornis, MacG., 31. compacta, MacG. 



On the other hand, probably *M. cirrata, Lamx., M. gracilis, 



Busk, M. patagonica, Busk, M. funiculata, MacG., M. triseriata. 



Busk, M. jlabellum, L., M. ternata, Ell. & Sol., must, on this 



account, be elsewhere located ; and in fact, before noting this 



distinction, it had been felt that several species should be removed 



from the genus. 



In another section, including Scrupocellaria, the jointing con- 

 sists of nothing more than a partial breaking through or thinning 



* Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. xvii. p. 254, and vol. xix. p. 302. 

 t M. cirrata and M. Jlabellum are Lamouroux'e types ; but these, I think, wiE 

 -fall into other established genera. 



