686 ME. A. W. WATEES OK MEMBRANIPOEID^, 



ridge similar to that o£ M. soUdula, H. Hincks describes the 

 ovicell as depressed in front, smooth and glossy, whereas Ortmann 

 says the variety japonica has the ovicell pitted. The Naples 

 specimens have a linear depression before the ridge, and some- 

 times this, and not the ridge, is distinguisliable. 



Although the resemblance is not very striking at first, this is 

 closely allied to M. solidula and M. papulifera, MacGr. The ovi- 

 cells of Naples iif. crassimarginata, of recent European M. solidula^ 

 and of New Zealand fossils are identical. I have previously 

 umtedi papulifera with solidula, but at that time had not noticed 

 that specimens sent from Victoria as M. papulifera have large 

 vicarious avicularia similar to those of 31. crassimarginata. We 

 thus have as close allies the M. solidula of Europe and the 

 M. fapulifera of Australia and New Zealand (fossil and recent). 



I have just had the opportunity of examining a specimen from 

 Madeira (in Mr. J. T. Johnson's collection), which Mr. Busk 

 had determined as M. irregularis, but it turns out to be M. crassi- 

 marginata with the characteristic vicarious avicularia. Probably 

 the name irregularis should be dropped. 



A poor specimen in the ' Challenger ' collection from Sfcat. 135c- 

 (Tristan da Cunha) is probably M. crassimarginata, but the other 

 specimens of "-M". cr«ssmar^2na;fa" from the 'Challenger' are 

 placed elsewhere (see M. perfragilis). 



hoc. Naples, Capri, Villefrauche-sur-Mer, Madeira; Tizard 

 (China Sea) ; Stat. 135 ' Challenger,' Tristan da Cunha ; var. 

 japonica, Japan. 



Membeaisiipoea inceustans, nom. nov. (PI. 47. fig. 13.) 



Membranipora crassimarginata, var, incrustans, Busk {pars), Zool. Chall. 

 Exp. pt. XXX. p. 63. 



Membranipora Dumerilii, Waters, Supp. Rep. Zool. Chall. Exp. vol. xxxi. 

 pt. Ixxix. p. 12. 



Zoarium incrusting. Zooecia oval, marginal border sloping 

 inwards, crenulate ; immediately above each zooecium, and on 

 the same level, a small avicularium with triangular mandible, 

 Ovicell raised, globular. 



As already mentioned, among the ' Challenger ' specimens in 

 the British Museum marked " crassimarginata " there is one poor 

 specimen which would seem to be M. crassimarginata, but there 

 are a number which are quite different. They certainly, in many 

 points, resemble the fossil from New Zealand which I called 

 M. Dmnerilii, Aud., but now, after seeing a number of specimens^ 



