12 DR. C. F. SOXNTAG OX THE AXAT0MY 



postei'ior extremities of the lateral organs as in the Orang-Outan 

 (text-figs. 3 A & 3 D, c). In the Chimpanzee and Gibbons, on 

 the other hand, they are level with the central rows and sulci of 

 the lateral organs. 



The median row of vallate papilla? has three elements. The 

 anterior and posterior ones are simple, but the middle one is 

 compound. 



The following numbers and arrangements have been re- 

 corded : — 



1. Five papillae in V- formation- — -Elders (23). 



2. Five papillae in V-formation in the foetus — Deniker (17). 



3. Six papilla? in V-formation — Duvernoy (22). 



4. Seven papilla? in V-formation — Bischoff (7). 



5. Eight papilla? in V-formation— Duvernoy (22). 



My specimen, therefore, differs in the type of arrangement of 

 its vallate papillae from that described by other authors. 



The Conical Papillae. 

 The conical papilla? have the same forms and arrangements as 

 in the Chimpanzee, but they are not so large in the anterior two- 

 thirds of the dorsum. Behind the vallate region, however, the 

 large pedunculated papilla? are larger and much more numerous 

 than in the Chimpanzee. These latter papilla? are tapering or 

 club-shaped, and many of them have small secondary processes 

 as described and figured by Bischoff' (7). Their points are 

 directed backwards, and some of them overlap the most posterior 

 vallate papilla (text-fig. 3 D, e). 



The Fungiform Papilla. 



The fungiform papilla? are not so large or so numerous as in 

 the Chimpanzee, but they exceed those of the Orang-Outan both 

 in size and numbers. They are in clusters behind the apex, in 

 transverse rows farther back, and in oblique chains in front of 

 the vallate papilla?. They are most numerous behind the apex 

 and close to the lateral borders of the tongue, and diminish in 

 numbers towards the mesial sulcus. There are, however, no 

 fungiform papilla? overhung by filiform types. 



When the tongue is viewed laterally (text-fig. 3 C, FP) one sees 

 how prominent many of the fungiform papilla? are, and some of 

 them appear almost pedunculated. In this connection the Gorilla 

 differs from all the other Anthropoids. 



On the sides of the tongue the fungiform papilla? are in 

 vertical chains, and they are in rows passing from without 

 inwards on the inferior surface (text-fig. 3 C, FP). 



The Lateral Organs (text-fig. 3 C, LO, & 3 D, c). 

 The lateral organs of the Gorilla have been omitted from 

 Boulart and Pilliet's paper. They are situated on the edges of 

 the dorsum of the tongue, beginning posteriorly on a level with 



