28 JXSL. CVF.£ONNTAGX)N,THE ANATOMY 



surface of the tongue and from its under surface to the floor of 

 the mouth. ■ . 'i i . <_ .: \ :■ ■-' h 



The ventral mesial sulcus begins anteriorly at the posterior 

 border of the papillary zone. It is narrow and deep, and lodges 

 a small median crest. , 



Text-figure 9. 



10. II. IS. • 13. 



"Or : <\ X -^^ © 



;-•) is. id i7. it 



Papillae of the Gibbons. 

 1-13, conical papillae; 14-16, fungiform papilla? ; 19, vallate papilla? of H. hooJock. 



Summary and Conclusions. 



1. Apical notches and mesial dorsal sulci are more frequently 

 absent than pi-esent, and are of no particular value for compara- 

 tive purposes. 



2. The lateral borders have the same characters as regards 

 papilla? in all forms. In the Chimpanzee and Gibbons they lodge 

 the greater part of the lateral organs, but in the Gorilla and 

 Orang they only lodge a small part. 



3. The vallate papilla? are usually fewer than in Man (7-12). 

 In the Orang they are in Y-formation, but they usually assume 

 the Y-type in others. Compound papilla? are common. 



4. Filiform papilla? are the predominating type of the conical 

 group on the anterior two-thirds of the dorsum. 



5. The long conical papilla? on the base are largest in the 

 Gorilla, smaller in the Chimpanzee, smallest in the Gibbons, and 

 absent in the Orang. 



6. Only the Orang and Siainang have smooth non-papillary 

 areas on the base. 



7. Plica? fimbriata? are absent in the Gibbons. 



8. Median ventral crests occur in the Gorilla and some 

 Gibbons. 



9. The Orang and Siamang have no triangular sublingual fold, 

 but all the other Simia? possess one. In the Gorilla the apex is 

 entire, but in all the rest it is bifid. 



