ON MARINE WCOT) BORING ANIMALS. 215 



11. Notes on Marine Wood-boring Animals. — II. Crustacea. 

 By W. T. Calman, D.Sc. 



(Submitted for Publication by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) 

 [Received November 17, 1920 : Read March 8, 1921.] 



The Crustacea collected for the Committee of the Institution 

 of Civil Engineers include, besides species already known to bore 

 into wood, a number of others, the presence of which in the 

 damaged timber is probably accidental. The possibility, however, 

 that some of these also may prove to be destructive makes it 

 desirable to record their names. The actual wood-boring species 

 in the collection are all well-known, and little of importance is 

 added to our knowledge of their distribution, but the opportunity 

 has been taken to confirm, by direct comparison, the suggested 

 identity of the Indo-Pacific Sphceroma terebrans with the Atlantic 

 S. destructor. 



As in the case of the Teredinidse, the occurrence of European 

 species of wood-boring Crustacea (Limnoria and Chelura) in 

 Australia and New Zealand has been attributed to introduction 

 by wooden ships. It is true that neither of them, so far as I know, 

 has been recorded as living in ships' timbers, but their appearance 

 in widely-separated localities, while distinct species of the same 

 genera occur at intermediate points (e. g., at Christmas Island, 

 Caiman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) v. 1910, p. 181), is suggestive 

 of some such means of transport. 



Order IS0P0DA. 

 Sub-order Flabellifera. 



Sphceroma terebrans Spence Bate. 



aS'. terebrans Spence Bate, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) xvii. 1866, 

 p. 28, pi. ii. tig. 5; Stebbing, Spolia Zeylanica, ii. 1904, p. 16, 

 pi. iv. ; Hansen, Q. J, Micr. Sci. xlix. 1905, p. 116; Stebbing, 

 Ann. S. Afric. Mus. vi. 1908, p. 49; Chilton, N.Z. Journ, Sci. 

 Technol. ii. 1919, p. 12; Caiman, Marine Boi'ing Animals, Brit. 

 Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Economic Ser. No. 10, 1919, p. 21, fig. 11 ; id., 

 Committee on Structures in Sea-water, Inst. Civ. Engineers, 1st 

 Rep. 1920, p. 70, pi. i. fig. 5; Barnard, Ann. S. Afric. Mus. xvii. 

 1920, p. 358. 



S. vastator Spence Bate, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) xvii. 1866, 

 p. 28, pi. ii. fig. 4. 



S. destructor Richardson, Proc. Biol Soc. Washington, xi. 1897, 

 p. 105, text-figs. ; id., Amer. Nat. xxxiv. 1900, p. 223 ; id., Proc. 

 U.S. Nat. Mus. xxiii. 1901, p. 534; id., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. 

 liv. 1905, p. 282, text-figs. 



Locality. — Brisbane, Queensland. Specimens forwarded by 

 Mr. E. A. Cullen, Engineer for Harbours and Rivers. From 



