302 DR. C. F. SONNTAG ON THE ANATOMY 



The Common Macaque {M.fascicularis). 

 Habitat : Malay States. 



Tnekserman (11) has briefly described the tongue, and the 

 following details supplement his account. Measurements : — ■ 

 Total length 4*6 cm.; length of the oral part 3*9 cm.; length of 

 the pharyngeal part '7 cm. ; width between the anterior 

 extremities of the lateral organs 1*9 cm. These measurements 

 refer to the largest of twelve examples. 



The apex and lateral borders are the same as in M. rhesus, and 

 the usual structures are absent. 



The variations in the vallate papilla? are not so numerous as in 

 M. rhesus, but the fungiform and conical papillae are very similar. 

 The former are absent from the centre of the oral part of the 

 dorsum in most cases, whereas that is the occasional form in 

 M. rhesus. 



Text-figure 26. 



j2Sl. /2S\. 



A. 



The circumvallate papillae of Macacus fascicularis. 



The Circumvallate Papilla} (text -fig. 26). 



Two types can appear: — 1. There are two pairs of papillae 

 whose appearances, and their variations, resemble those of 

 M. rhesus. 2. There is an anterior pair of papillae, and a 

 posterior cluster of three which stand either on a plane surface 

 or on the summit of an elevation. The Valiums consist of one or 

 more rows of nodules, and may contain fungiform papillae. 



A few minute orifices of ditcts and pits are present on the base 

 of the tongue. 



The Lateral Organs. 



The short laminae and sulci are arranged in a straight line or 

 in a curve convex downwards. Many of the laminae have small 

 secondary sulci. The right organ is -9 cm. long, and has 

 6 laminae and 7 sulci. The left organ is *9 cm. long, and has 

 5 laminae and 6 sulci. 



Thefrenal lamella is triangular and has a bifid apex. 



The Bonnet Macaque (M. sinicus)., 



Habitat : Continental India. 



Tongues of Bonnet Macaques differ in size and shape. They 

 may taper from the palato-glossal folds towards both apex and 

 base, or their widest point may be between the anterior 



