70 SIR HARRY H. JOHNSTON ON THE [May 16, 



i-eptiles. And it must be admitted at once that the facts dealt 

 with in the present communication do not conform with any 

 certainty to one view or to the other. On the whole, howevei-, 

 they seem to point to the Lacertilian ; since from that type 

 the remaining schemes of encephalic arterial arrangement can 

 be derived, while the extraordinaiy modification of the basilar 

 artery in Testudo, fovmd nowhere else, would seem for that very 

 reason to be a divergence from the original condition. 



2. On the Nomenclature of the Anthropoid Apes as proposed 

 by the Hon. Walter Rothschild. By Sir H. H. 

 Johnston, G.O.M.G., K.C.B., F.Z.S. 



[Received May 5, 1905.] 



I should like to make a. few remarks on the admirable paper 

 written on this subject by Mr. Walter Rothschild, which has just 

 appeared in the ' Proceedings' (1904, vol. ii. p. 413). Unfortu- 

 nately, I did not know that this paper was going to be i-ead 

 in December 1904, or I should have endeavoured to be present. 

 I am disposed in a general way to agree with Mr. Rothschild's 

 classification of the great Apes of Africa. I have only one 

 criticism to offer with respect to the nomenclature of the 

 Chimpanzees. Since Mr. Rothschild has done so much to revise, 

 revive, and establish the nomenclature of these Apes, I should like 

 to see him introduce a more rational sj)elling into the third of his 

 species of Chimpanzees — the Bald Chimpanzee, which he gives, 

 following Du Chaillu, as Simia koolookamba. Du Chaillu was 

 very inaccvirate in his transcription of African words, and he used 

 the cumbrous system of English transliteration which prevailed 

 until the rational spelling was introduced thirty or forty years 

 ago by various scientific societies and departments of the Govern- 

 ment. Koolookamba is really two words, which are pronounced 

 nkulu-nkamba. I think that this spelling might stand in 

 preference to Koolookamba l^>Simia nkulunkamba'\. 



A much more serious point, however, is the generic name which 

 Mr. Rothschild gives to the Orangs — Pongo. Mr. Rothschild is 

 undoubtedly i-ight in reviving Simla as the most appropriate and 

 the earliest name for the Chimpanzee genus, to which it was 

 applied in the first instance by Linnfeus. Linnseus evidently 

 thought that the differences between the Chimpanzee and the 

 Orang, which animal was later brovight to his notice, were not more 

 than specific, so that he included the Orang in the Chimpanzee 

 genus. Much later, in 1799, Lacepede applied the generic name 

 Pongo to the Orangs ; and although in the same year the Orang 

 genus was named Satyrus, Mr. Rothschild prefers Pongo to this 

 very appropriate designation, and wishes to establish Pongo as the 

 generic name for the Orangs. I would certainly protest against 

 this. There is much to connect the Satyr of the Classical world 

 and Mediaeval mummeries with traditions of a red-haired man-of- 



