102 MR. K. ANDERSEN ON B ATS ' [May lOy 



than, and with very rai-e exceptions considerahhj moi-e than, 1 h the^ 

 length of the first phalanx, a peculiarity which is preserved in thei; 

 subsequent stage of evolution : femon-equhnim. The aberrant 

 species just alluded to, viz. Bh. nereis, stheno, and thomasi, are,; 

 from this point of view, of especial interest, as being Bats of thej 

 rouxi type which already show the wing-structure characteristic 

 of the more highly developed ctffinis. 



Rh. afflnis is larger than rouxi ; but small affinis have the same 

 length of the forearm as very large rouxi. In such cases,, 

 Rh. afflnis, provided the specimens examined are fresh or preserved- 

 in spirit, can, of course, easily be discriminated by the shape of 

 the sella and the length of III." ; if preserved as dried skins (in 

 which the shape of the sella is often difficult to recognise), still, 

 the latter character remains unchanged. 



Colour. The many forms in which this species is differentiated 

 seem to agree, rather closely, in colour : — 



(1) Darker individuals : S ad., Darjeeling {Rh. a. himalaymms) ; 

 Oct. 22nd; teeth unworn; skin: — Upper side "mars-brown", 

 with a I'ather strong hue of '' drab " ; no horse-shoe patch ; base 

 of hairs "ecru-drab"; under side " broccoli-browu ." 



Still darker is a cJ ad. from Lombok [Rh. a. pri^iceps) ; teeth 

 somewhat worn ; in alcohol ; unfaded : — " Front's brown " above, 

 base of hairs "wood-brown"; under side almost "tawny-olive." 



(2) Light-coloured individuals : c? ad., Nanking (Rh. a. krma- 

 layamts) ; July 5th ; teeth somewhat worn ; skin : — Extremely 

 light. Above light " clay," almost " ochraceous-buff," hinder 

 back somewhat darker ; a i'ather distinct, " mars-brown " hoi'se- 

 shoe patch ; base of hairs " cream-buff" ; under side very light, 

 almost " cream-buff." — A spirit specimen ( c? ad.) fiom the same 

 locality (June 15th) is quite of the same colour. 



Skull. The essential characters as in rouxi, pi-oving that; 

 Rh. affinis originated from a Bat of that tyjje. The skull is 

 generally largei-, and the gap in front between the maxillary 

 bones wider. Chief character : the exceedingly short palatal 

 bridge, as a rule only | the length of the maxilla r tooth-row, or 

 even less ; in rouxi, with very rare exceptions, decidedly moi'e 

 than I, sometimes almost 5. The teeth, too, are slightly larger. 



Dentition. Pg external and extremely small ; but, as a rai'e 

 exception, this premolar may still, in this comparatively highh'- 

 developed species, show some tendency towards the tooth-row 

 (one skull, out of 19), o]' be halfway in row" (one), p, and p^ 

 generally quite, or almost, in contact (14 .skulls) ; in the remaining 

 somewhat more distinctly separated, p" always in the tooth-row^ 

 extremely small, and the interspace between the canine and p* 

 rather narrow. In no less than five skulls there is an exceedingly 

 narrow, in most cases almost hair-fi.ne, interspace between p- and 

 p' (the former place of p"). 1 



Listrihution. From the IST.W. Himalayas to )S. China ; through 

 Indo-China, the Malay Peninsula, and N. Katunas, to tSumatra,; 

 Java, and Lombok. 



