1901.] THE MUSCLES OE THE UNftULATA. 679 



out that in the Ass it sometimes only reaches the fifth. Mecliel 

 <YII.) says that in the Sheep the miisde is hihvminai\. but this was 

 not so in our Mouflon (45). 



Mascles vonncdiwj the Fore-limb with the Trunlc. 



Cejihah-humeralis. — This is a combination of the anterior part 

 of the trapezius,, the cleido-mastoid, and the clavicular part of the 

 deltoid, and it has already been pointed out that the omo-hyoid 

 and omo-trachelian occasionally become blended with these. No 

 Uugiilate possesses a clavicle, but in most cases there is a fibrous 

 intersection marking its site and indicating the place where the 

 trapezius ends and the deltoid begins. 



The part of the trapezius which forms the cephalo-humeral 

 rises from the occipital crest in the Hippopotamidse (3), Suidae 

 (7, 11, 13, 14), Traguhda? (20, 21), Cervida? (25, 26, 27, 28), 

 Bovidfe (32, 33, 38, 39, 46, 49), Tapiridas (52, 54, 55), Equid® 

 (56, 58), Procaviidfe (67, 68), and Elephantidte (72). In the 

 Camelidee and Giraffidse apparently it rises from further back iu 

 the neck. Meckel (VII.) says that in the Camel it comes from 

 the posterior third of the ligamentum nuchse, while Murie in the 

 Alpaca (XXXII.) found it rising from the transverse processes of 

 the fifth and sixth cervical vertebrae. In the Giraffe (29, 30) it 

 had the same origin. We have stated that the anterior part 

 of the trapezius and cleido-mastoid are continued into the fore- 

 limb by the clavicular part of the deltoid, and this is usually 

 inserted into the lower part of the humerus, at least this is 

 the case in the following animals : — Suidae (7, 11, 12, 14), 

 TraguHd^ (20, 21), Brocket Deer (27, 28), Giraffe (29, 30), 

 Duiker-bok (49), Tapir (52, 52 a, 55). In the Hippopotamus (1) 

 and Elephant (74, 77, 79) the cephalo-humeral is inserted into 

 the upper pai-t of the humerus, while in the Horse (56) and Ass 

 (61) it is attached just below the remainder of the deltoid. In 

 the Sheep (43, 45), Goat (48), and Hyrax (68) the insertion blended 

 with that of the biceps and was carried down into the forearm, 

 and in one specimen of Tapir (54) there was an insertion into the 

 forearm as well as one into the lower part of the humerus. The 

 nerve-supply of the muscle corresponds with it's compound nature; 

 the trapezius part is supplied by the spinal accessory and upper 

 cervical nerves, the deltoid part by the circumflex. 



Trapezius. — The posterior portion of the trapezius is in some 

 animals, especially the Suidae, separated by a marked interval from 

 the cephalo-humeral ; in others, such as the Brocket Deer, the two 

 muscles are only separable in their lower parts. It has already 

 been pointed out that the omo-trachelian usually appears on the 

 surface between the cephalo-humeral and the trapezius to reach 

 the fascia over the scapula. In other orders of Mammals the 

 second and third pasts of the trapezius are often quite distinct, 

 but in Ungulates this is seldom the case, and in many cases it is 

 quite difficult to separate the part of the muscle which is inserted 



