! 90 1 .] THE MUSCLES OF THE UNGULATA. 703 



but in (74) only an adductor minimi. In (79) there was also an 

 adductor quai'ti digiti. 



Tnierossei or Flexores breves. — In the Pig (4, 0), Chevrotain 

 (20), Water-Chevrotain (23), Tapir (55), and Hyrax (67, 68) 

 there are four double-headed muscles corresponding to those of: 

 more generalized mammals. In the Horse (56, 57, 58) there are 

 three, but Chauveau points out that the one belonging to the 

 niedius has been transformed into the " suspensory ligament " of 

 the fetlock. 



In the Ehinoceros (63) Beddard and Treves (XX.) describe four, 

 but there are only three toes, and in their figure (fig. 5, p. 15) one 

 muscle labelled interosseous clearly rises from the pisiform, and is 

 probably an abductor minimi which has shifted its attachment to 

 the annularis. In the Elephant (74) Miall and G-reen^^■ood 

 describe three palmar and three dorsal interossei. 



In the Bovidc-B (32, 33, 35, 38, 39, 40, 49) there are two flexores 

 breves, but they are entirely ligamentous. 



Unfortunately, we know very little dehnitely about the nerve- 

 supply of the hand-muscles of the Ungulates, but the researches 

 of Paterson and Dun make us suspect that, in the Elephant at 

 least, the median nerve plays a much lai-ger part than it does in 

 Man and, so far as we know, most other mammals. We hope that 

 at some future date these authors «ill publish the result of their 

 dissections. 



BiBLIOGBAPHY. 



I. CtJViEE et Laueillabd. — ' Planches de Myologie,' 



1849. 

 11. Chauveau's ' Comparative Anatoniv,' Fleming, 2nd ed. 

 1891. 



III. GrRATioLET et Alix. — ' Reclierclies sur I'Anat. de 



THippopotame,' 1867. 



IV. Humphry. — ' Observations in Myology,' 1872. 

 V. Lesbres. — 'Myologie Comparee." Lyon, 1897. 



YI. Bronn. — ' Classen und Ordnungen des Thierreichs.' 

 VII. Meckel. — ' Manuel d'Anatomie Comparee,' vol. vi. 

 VIII. A^ROLiK. — ' Recherches d'Anut. Com p. sur le Babirussa.' 

 Amsterdam, 1844. 

 IX. Walton. — ' The Camel, its anatomy, proportions, and 

 paces,' 1865. 

 X. Kinbeug.— ' De Tragulo Javanico.' Lundne, 1849. 

 XI. Chatiiv. — Annales de Sci. Nat. — Zoologie, ser. 5, 



vol. XV. Art. no. 12. 

 XII. JoLY et Latogat. — Mem. de la Soc. des Sci. Nat. de 

 Strassbourg, 1846, vol. iii. 

 XIII. Owen.— Trans. Zool. Soc. vols. ii. & iii. 

 XIV. Bell.— Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 184. 

 XV. Haughton. — Proc. Irish Acad. vol. ix. p. 527. 

 XVI. Turner.- Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 102. 

 XVII. MuRiE, — Journ. Anat. vol. v. p. 131. 



46* 



