CARTWRIGHT : HELIX NEMORALIS AM) HEMX HORTENSIS. 315 



Railway Arches, Millers Dale. 



On the west side of the station road just below the railway arches 

 a colony of H. hortensis exists. The area in question is almost wholly 

 covered with nettles and Centaurea fiigra interspersed with grass, 

 Platitago /anceolata, brambles and the commoner roadside plants ; a 

 quantity of road mud thrown on to the bank retains the moisture and 

 renders the situation somewhat damp. H. hortensis is numerous 

 throughout the whole of the habitat, but H. nemoralis is not found in 

 this area. Again we find that H. arbustoriim is associated with 

 H. hortensis^ both species being present in approximately equal 

 numbers. 



Duke's Drive, Buxton. 



Along the top of the disused limestone quarry not far from the 

 railway arches a small colony of H. hortensis is found. The colony 

 extends towards the path leading to Higher Buxton, but it is confined 

 to a narrow band, about three feet (3 ft.) wide, above the wall 

 separating the field from the road. The whole area is covered with 

 long grass and possesses a moderate flora of which Heracleuin 

 sphondylium, ChcBrophyllian temulum, Centaurea nigra and Plantago 

 la7iceolata are the most numerous. Only yellow shells are found, 

 although there is a considerable variation in the banding of the shells. 

 Throughout the whole of the habitat H. arbustorum is numerous, but 

 ff. nemoralis is not found in this colony. 



Deepdale, nr. Buxton. 



On the west side of Deepdale from a point directly opposite the 

 cavern to the stile leading to King Sterndale a considerable colony of 

 H. tienioralis and H. hortensis occurs. The greater part of the steep 

 valley-side is covered with moderately long grass with few other plants ; 

 over the whole area the underlying limestone frequently crops out. 

 The top of the hillside is wooded and at one point the trees continue 

 for some distance down the bank forming a V-shaped salient. In the 

 vicinity of this salient the vegetation undergoes a marked change, 

 the grass here being accompanied by Merairialis perennis, while at 

 the same time the ground is no longer dry, but appears to be damp, 

 even in the driest weather. In wet weather a stream flows down the 

 valley, but for the greater part of the year its bed is dry and is 

 covered with nettles and meadow-sweet. 



Here again we notice that the habitat divides itself somewhat 

 naturally into two areas : {a) the ground in the immediate vicinity of 

 the salient, (J?) the remainder of the slope, each with its own flora. 

 As in the case of the first Millers Dale colony the two species do not 

 associate throughout the whole of the habitat and we find that 

 H. hortensis is only found in any numbers in the first area mentioned, 



