20 CONIOCARPINEE [STENOCYBE 
jectum Nyl. in Flora xlviii. p. 211 (1865); Carroll in Journ. 
Bot. iii. p. 287 (1865) pro parte; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 13; 
Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 46. C. eusporum Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 13 . 
(1870) (non Nyl.). C. septatum Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 45 ; ed. 3, p. 45. 
Ezxsice. Leight. n. 228; Mudd n. 242. 
The thallus is so thin as to be scarcely distinguishable from the 
bark on which it grows, or there is none proper. The apothecia are 
sometimes 2-3 congregate, with the stalks varying in length up to 
6 mm., and, when long, becoming branched. 
Hab. On the bark of holly, and also parasitic on the thallus of 
Thelotrema lepadinum and Graphis elegans in upland wooded dis- 
tricts.—Distr. Common, where it occurs, in 8. and N. England and 
in S. and W. Ireland.—B. M. Near Lyndhurst, New Forest, Hants ; 
Sheffield Park and near Withyham, Sussex; Ingleby Park and 
Bousdale Gill, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Glenbower Wood and Castle- 
martyr, Cork; Tore Mt., Killarney, Kerry; Lough Feagh, Con- 
nemara, Galway. 
3. 8. byssacea Nyl. in Bot. Not. 1854, p. 84.—Thallus 
scarcely visible or obsolete. Apothecia small, scattered ; stalk 
very slender, sometimes branched ; capitulum clavate-tubiform ; 
spores at first simple then 1—3-septate, 15-23 p long, 5-7 p thick. 
Cromb. in Grevillea xv. p. 14 (1886). Calicium byssaceum Fr. 
Sched. Crit. i. p. 6 (1824); Cromb. in Journ. Bot. xi. p. 133 
(1873) ; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 45. 
Smaller and more slender than the preceding species. The 
apothecia are frequently branched and occasionally fasciculate. 
Hab. On trunks and branches of alders in upland wooded 
districts.— Distr. Rare in W. England, N. Wales, and Central Scot- 
land.—B. M. Hay Park, near Ludlow, Shropshire; Capel Curig, 
Carnarvonshire ; Glen Lochay and Blair Athole, Perthshire. 
6. CYPHELIUM Ach. in Vet. Acad. Handl. 1815, p. 261.— 
Trachylia Fr. in Vet. Acad. Handl. 1821, p. 324 pro parte ; Nyl. 
in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherb. iii. p. 167 (1855) & Lich. Scand. 
p. 44 (note); Cromb. Monogr. i. p. 101. Acolium 8. F. Gray 
Nat. Arr. i. p. 482 (1821); Mudd Man. p. 253. (PI. 6.) 
Thallus effuse, crustaceous, granular or  furfuraceous. 
Apothecia sessile, sometimes almost immersed in the thalline 
granules, semi-globose, becoming open and plane, black, with a 
thin thalline margin, sporal mass plane, black ; paraphyses scanty, 
slender; spores l-septate, rarely pluri-septate and muriform, 
ellipsoid, brownish-black. Spermogones with short simple sterig- 
mata and with ellipsoid or elongate and bent spermatia. 
Distinguished from other genera of Caliciacee by the thalline 
margin of the apothecia. 
1. C. tigillare Ach. tom. cit. p. 266.—Thallus effuse, 
granular-areolate or deeply cracked, yellowish-green or citrine- 
yellow (K—). Apothecia small, plane, innate, the margin 
