SPHEROPHORUS | SPHHMROPHORACEX 25 
mously branched, greyish-white, brownish or dark-greyish 
(K + yellowish, medulla I—), the branches rounded, clustered 
and erect, naked, without fibrille. Apothecia globose or sub- 
globose, irregularly dehiscent above ; spores spherical or globose- 
ellipsoid, 7-16 » in diameter.—Engl. Bot. t. 2474; 8S. F. Gray 
Nat. Arr. i. p. 487; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 67; Cromb. Lich. 
Brit. p. 15; Leight. Lich. Fl. p.51; ed. 3, p. 49. S. cxspitosum 
DC. Fl. Fr. i. p. 327 (1805). SS. coralloides var. czespitosum 
Turn. & Borr. Lich. Brit. p. 111; Hook. in Sm. Engl. FI. v. 
p. 232 ; Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 8, t. 1, fig. 2 ; var. fragilis Tay]. 
in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 83 (1836); Mudd Man. p. 264. 
Coralloides alpinum, Coralline minoris facie Dill. Hist. Muse. 
p. 116, t. 17, fig. 344, B (1741). Lichen fragilis L. Sp. PI. 
p. 1154 (1753); Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 888 pro parte. L. czspi- 
tosus Roth Tent. Fl. Germ. i. p. 513 (1788). 
Eexsicc. Croail n. 199; Johns. n. 209. 
Somewhat similar to cespitose forms of the preceding, but 
distinguished by the branches being without fibrille. It grows in 
cushion-like masses less than an inch in height; the branches are 
often darker below, and are sometimes reddish. When fertile, which 
is rare, the apothecia are borne on longer protruding branches. The 
pycnidia are frequent with minute spores, 3 » long, 1 » thick. 
Hab. On mossy or bare rocks and boulders in upland to alpine 
situations.— Distr. Common in the hilly and mountainous tracts of 
the British Isles.—B. M. Near Vixen Tor and Hay Tor, Devon ; 
Ardingly Rocks, Sussex; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire; Rhew- 
greidden, Merioneth ; Snowdon, Carnarvonshire ; Helsby, Cheshire ; 
Ingleboro and Farndale, Yorkshire; Egglestone and Teesdale, Dur- 
ham; West Allen Carrs, Northumberland; Ennerdale, Cumberland ; 
New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Ben Lomond, Dumbartonshire ; 
Clova, Forfarshire ; Craig Calliach, Ben Lawers, near Crieff, and Loch 
Ericht, Perthshire ; Craig Coinnoch, Glen Callater, Loch-na-gar, and 
Ben-naboord, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Ben Nevis, Invernessshivre ; 
near Forres, Elginshire; Hills of Applecross, Rossshire; Glandarry 
and Slievemore Mts., Achill Island, Mayo; Malin Head, Donegal. 
Subseries II. CYCLOCARPINEZ. 
Thallus crustaceous, squamulose, foliose or fruticose. Algal 
cells blue-green (Myxophycez) or bright-green (Chlorophycez). 
Fruit a roundish apothecium, open or partially open from the 
first, marginate or immarginate, the margin composed of hyphie 
alone (proper) or including gonidia (thalline). Asci and spores 
various. 
The Cyclocarpinee include a large and varied series of lichens, 
that differ widely in the characters of thallus and fruit. The alge 
are blue-green in a comparatively small number of orders and genera ; 
mostly they are bright-green (or yellow). In the former case the 
thallus is frequently gelatinous when moist, as are the alg, which 
are distributed equally through the thallus (homotiomerows), though 
also sometimes non-gelatinous with the alge arranged in a definite 
