” 
30 CYCLOCARPINEX | POLYCHIDIUM 
Nyl. Syn. i. p. 134, t. 4, figs. 11-15; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 10 & 
Monogr. i. p. 68; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 27; ed. 3, p. 34. 
Easicc. Leight. n. 395; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 121. 
Owing to the somewhat gelatinous nature of the thallus the 
filaments tend to cohere, and the rather broad apothecium looks as 
if perched on several different branches. It resembles young and pale 
states of Parmelia pubescens. 
Hab. Among mosses on rocks and walls.— Distr. General and not 
uncommon in maritime and upland districts.—/2. M7. South Brent, 
Bottor Rock and near Hunter Tor, Devon; Breiddon, Montgomery- 
shire; Cader Idris, Drews-y-nant and Ty-gwyn, near Dolgelly, 
Merioneth; Shropshire; Llanberis and Snowdon, Carnarvonshire ; 
Beaumaris, Anglesea; Kentmere, Westmoreland; New Galloway, 
Kirkeudbrightshire ; Ben Cruachan, Oban, Loch Creran and Pass of 
Brander, Argyll; Ben Lawers and near St. Fillans, Perthshire; Craig 
Guie, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Luggelaw, Wicklow ; Killarney, Kerry ; 
Kylemore, Galway. 
11. LEPTOGIDIUM Nyl. in Flora lvi. p. 195 (1873). (PI. 11.) 
Thallus minutely shrubby and tangled, the branches terete, 
with a well-developed cellular cortex and a central medullary 
strand of hyphe. Algal cells Scytonema, in parallel longitudinal 
lines. Apothecia small, reddish or brownish ; spores colourless, 
ellipsoid, simple. 
Almost exclusively a tropical genus, 8. W. Ireland being the only 
locality where it occurs in Europe. 
1. L. dendriscum Ny]. 1. c. (note).—Thallus of short, slender, 
intricately branched filaments which are rounded or obsoletely 
compressed, olive-greenish or pale-yellowish at the base. Apo- 
thecia small, pale or pale-reddish, the dise somewhat convex ; 
spores ellipsoid, 10-16 » long, 6-8 thick—Cromb. in Journ. 
Bot. xii. p. 337 (1874); Leight. Lich. Fl. edi 3, p. 138. Leptogium 
dendriscum Nyl. Syn. Lich. i. p. 185 (1858). L. Mooreii Hepp 
ex Carroll in Journ. Bot, iii. p. 287 (1865); Cromb. Lich. Brit. 
p. 10; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 27. Ephebe byssoides Carring. in 
Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. vii. p. 411, t. 10, fig. 2 (1863). 
The few specimens collected in Ireland are without apothecia and 
with only imperfectly developed spermogones. 
Hab. On mossy trunks of trees in S.W. Ireland.—2B. M. Croma- 
glown, Glengarriff and Glena, Killarney, Kerry. 
12. PLACYNTHIUM 8. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 395 (1821). 
Collema sect. Placynthium Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 628 (1810). 
Pannularia Nyl. in Flora Ixii. p. 360 (1879) pro parte ; Cromb. 
Monogr. i. p. 340 pro parte. (Pl. 12.) 
Thallus  granular-crustaceous and areolate or minutely 
coralloid-squamulose, almost entirely homoiomerous with a plect- 
enchymatous (cellular) cortex and usually with a well-developed 
