EUOPSIS ] PYRENOPSIDACEE 37 
17. EUOPSIS Nyl. in Flora lviii. p. 363 (1875). (Pl. 17.) 
Thallus crustaceous, granular-areolate, fragile. Apothecia 
small or moderate in size, discoid, with a thalline margin ; para- 
physes distinctly septate ; spores 8 in the ascus, ellipsoid, simple, 
colourless. Spermogones with minute acrogenous spermatia. 
Separated by Nylander from the genus Pyrenopsis on account of 
the distinctly discoid apothecia and septate paraphyses. The thallus 
has a reddish colour due to the gleocapsin of the alga, which is more 
pronounced when moist. 
1. E. pulvinata Wain. in Medd. Faun. & Flor. Fenn. vi. p. 85 
(1881).—Thallus effuse, granular, coarsely areolate, dark-blood- 
red. Apothecia usually numerous and crowded, dark-blood-red 
or paler, becoming darker, plane or becoming convex and 
immarginate ; spores ellipsoid, 11-16 p long, 6-7 yp thick; 
hymenial gelatine, especially the asci, deep-blue with iodine.— 
E. hamalea Nyl. in Flora lviii. p. 363 (1875); Cromb. in 
Grevillea xv. p. 10 (1886) & Monogr. i. p. 22. Lecidea pulvinata 
Scher. in Meisner Naturw. Anz. ii. p. 11 (1818). Collema 
hzemaleum Sommerf. Suppl. Fl. Lapp. p. 117 (1826). Pyrenopsis 
hzemalea Stirton in Grevillea ii. p. 71 (1875); Cromb. in Journ. 
Bot. xii. p. 332 (1874); Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3, p. 15. 
The red colour of the thallus due to the algal sheath is more 
pronounced when the lichen is moist. 
Hab. On mica-schist rocks in subalpine and alpine regions.— 
Distr. Local and scarce among the Grampians, Scotland, and in 
W. Ireland.—B. M. Ben Cruachan, Argyll; Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; 
Kylemore Mts., Connemara, Galway. 
2. E. granatina Nyl. in Flora lviii. p. 363 (1875). —Thallus 
effuse, thin granular, widely cracked-areolate, reddish-brown or 
reddish, the granules rounded, aggregate, Apothecia small, 
shining, congregate in the thalline granules, reddish, whitish 
within, the margin thin, entire, at length excluded ; the spores 
simple or spuriously 1-septate, ellipsoid, 9-12 p long, 4°5-5°5 pw 
thick ; hymenium, especially the asci, bluish with iodine.— 
Cromb. in Grevillea xv. p. 10 (1886). Lecanora granatina Sommert. 
Suppl. Fl. Lapp. p. 90 (1826). Pyrenopsis granatina Nyl. ex 
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 27 (1870) ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 14; ed. 3, 
p- Lb. 
Differs from the preceding in the more brightly-coloured thallus 
and in the rounded massed granules. It is much more conspicuous 
in wet weather. Forssell (Bot. Centralbl. xxii. p. 54 (1885) ) considers 
that this plant should be classified under Lecanora, as there are 
Palmella gonidia in the thallus as well as Gla@ocapsa. 
Hab. On rocks and boulders in alpine regions. —Distr. Rare among 
the mountains of N. Wales and the S. and W. Grampians, Scotland. 
—B.M. Llyn Aran, near Dolgelly, Merioneth; Ben Cruachan, Argyll ; 
Craig Calliach and Ben Lawers, Perthshire. 
