62 CYCLOCARPINEX [SYNECHOBLASTUS 
field and Tunbridge Wells, Sussex; near Barmouth, Merioneth 
Nant Glyn, Denbighshire; Ambleside, Westmoreland ; Clova, Forfar- 
shire ; Aberfeldy, Kenmore and Loch Earn, Perthshire. 
Thallus of rather large granular lobes ; mostly on trees. 
5. §. nigrescens Anzi Catal. Lich. Sondr. p. 4 (1860).— 
Thallus thinnish, large and spreading, more or less orbicular, 
almost monophyllous, roundly lobed and radiately wrinkled and 
plicate, with a few smooth erect secondary lobes at the centre, 
the larger lobes of the circumference depressed, with entire or 
slightly crenate margins, and sometimes densely isidiose-granulose 
. (I + reddish when dry). Apothecia numerous, crowded, small, 
plane, becoming convex, reddish, the margin thin, entire ; spores 
fusiform-cylindrical, pluriseptate, 34-42 mw long, 5 yp thick.— 
Mudd Man. p. 42, t. 1, fig. 5. Muscus licheniformis membranaceus 
nigricans &c. Buddle Hort. Sice. ii. fol. 6, n. 11 in Herb. Sloane. 
Lichenoides saxatile membranaceum gelatinosum tenue, nigrescens 
Dill. in Ray Syn. ed. 3, p. 72, n. 53 (1724). Lichenoides gelati- 
nosum membranaceum tenue nigricans Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 138, 
t. 19, fig. 20 (1740). Lichen nigrescens Huds, F]. Angl. p. 450 
(1762) ; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 74 ; Engl. Bot. t. 345. L. vesper- 
tilio Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 840 (1777). Collema nigrescens Ach. 
Lich. Univ. p. 646 (1810); Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 71 & in Sm. 
Engl. Fl. v. p. 211; Grev. Fl. Edin. p. 350; Tayl. in Mackay 
Fl. Hib. ii. p. 110; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 6 & Monogr. i. p. 54; 
Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 24; ed. 3, p. 24. Lathagrium nigrescens 
S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 399 (1821). 
Exsicc. Cromb. n. 104; Dicks. Hert. Sicc. Fase. xi. n. 22 ; 
Johns. n. 361; Larb. Lich. Cesar. n. 53; Leight. n. 104. 
Distinguished by the radiate folds of the usually large spreading 
thinnish thallus, and by the small crowded*®apothecia. It was 
likened by Dillenius to a ‘ bat’s wing”; hence Lightfoot’s 
designation. 
Hab. On the trunks of old trees, chiefly poplars and willows in 
wooded districts.—Distr. General and not uncommon throughout the 
British Isles, chiefly in western regions.—b6. M. Noirmont, Rozel, 
St. Owen’s Bay, St. Peter’s and Belcroute Bay, Jersey; near Ryde; 
Carisbrooke Castle and Shanklin, I. of Wight ; Withiel, near Penzance, 
3oconnoe and Ruan Minor, Cornwall; Lidford, Totnes, Paignton, 
Torquay, Bolt Head, Sidmouth and Cornworthy, Devon; Fair- 
light Glen, Hastings, Henfield, Danny, Saddlescomb, Beeding and 
Clayton, Sussex; Kemble, near Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Stack- 
pole Court, Pembrokeshire; Aberdovey, Merioneth; Bettws-y-Coed, 
Carnarvonshire ; Barrow Hill, Malvern and Broadwas, Worcestershire ; 
Levens, Westmoreland; near Guisboro’, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; near 
Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Glen Lochy and Barcaldine, Argyll ; 
Den of Glamis, Forfarshire; near Callender, Glen Lochay and 
Trossachs, Perthshire; Gairloch and Applecross, Rossshire ; Castle- 
martyr, Cork; Powerscourt, Wicklow; Killarney and Muckross, 
Kerry ; Louisburg, Mayo. 
