PARMELIA | PARMELIACE® 121 
England and N.E. Scotland.—B. M. Lydd, Kent; near Cove, 
Kincardineshire. 
2. P. vittata Nyl. in Flora lviii. p. 106 (1875).—Thallus 
horizontal, of rather elongate narrow sparsely branching hollow 
laciniz, loosely adherent to the substratum, smooth and often 
shining, sometimes sorediate at the tips, glaucous-grey, beneath 
generally shining-black, the dark colour spreading round and 
forming a margin to the lobes, the lower cortex pierced here and 
there by round holes (K + yellow,CaCl—). Apothecia stalked, 
rather large, brownish-red, the margin thin, entire or inflexed ; 
spores very ‘small, 4—6 w long, almost globose, 3-4°5 » thick.— 
Cromb. in Grevillea xv. p. 76 (1887). Parmelia physodes var. 
vittata Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 251 (1803); Mudd Man. p. 96 pro 
parte; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 36 pro parte; Leight. Lich. FI. 
p. 126; ed. 3, p. 117 pro parte. 
There is a somewhat doubtful specimen in Herb. Crombie, collected 
on firs, Ben Lawers; the dark margin of the lacinie is not well 
marked nor are the holes on the under surface very clear. There is 
no other specimen. 
Hab. On mossy stones, on bark, or on the ground in mountainous 
regions.—B. M. Ben Lawers, Perthshire ? 
3. P. encausta Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 202 (1803).—Thallus 
suborbicular, appressed, composed of numerous elongate branching 
laciniz, generally rather broader and spathulate, crenate at the 
circumference, the more central lobes very narrow and _ sub- 
cylindrical, sometimes of almost radiate structure, the tips some- 
what turgid, silver-grey or greenish or very dark in colour, often 
dotted with the black spermogonia, beneath black, rather 
wrinkled (K + yellow, CaCl —). Apothecia adnate, moderate 
in size or rather large, plane, becoming flexuose, reddish-brown, 
with a thin crenulate margin ; spores ellipsoid, small, 7-10 p long, 
5-7 pw thick.—_8..F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 441; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 
p. 54 & in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 203 pro parte; Mudd Man. p. 97 
(incl. var. candefacta, excl. var. stygioides) ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. 
p- 36. Parmelia physodes var.. candefacta Ach. Lich. Univ. 
p. 490 (1810); var. encausta Fr. Lich. Eur. p. 64 (1831); 
Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 127; ed. 3, p.117. Lichen encaustus Sm. 
in Trans. Linn. Soc. i. p. 83, t. 4, fig. 6 (1791). 
An alpine species found only at the top of our highest mountains. 
Hab. On granite boulders.—Distr. The Grampians, Scotland.— 
B. M. Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; Ben-naboord and Cairntoul, Braemar, 
Aberdeenshire. 
4. P. alpicola Th. Fr. Lich. Arct. p. 57 (1860).—Thallus 
orbicular or expanded, appressed or adnate, of narrow, rugose- 
plicate or torulose laciniz, crowded and imbricate or coherent in 
the centre, more free at the circumference and crenate, nodulose 
