PARMELIA] PARMELIACEEZ 123 
under part of the thallus are dark brown. The whole thallus is 
closely attached to the substratum. British specimens are sterile. 
Hab. On rocks among mosses and on the trunks of trees in mari- 
time and inland districts.—Distr. Rare, though widely distributed 
throughout the British Isles.—B. M. Bonne Nuit, Jersey; Land’s 
End, near St. Austell and near Penzance, Cornwall; Bolt Head and 
Valley of Rocks, Lynton, Devon; New Forest, Hants; Hendremynech, 
Cardiganshire? Cwm Bychan, Barmouth and Dolgelly, Merioneth ; 
foot of Snowdon, Carnarvonshire; New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; 
Roseneath, Barcaldine and Ballachulish, Argyll; Keimaniegh Pass, 
Cork; Cromaglown, Glenmore Lake and Dunkerron, Kerry; Cushen- 
dun, Antrim. 
Subgenus iii. Euparmenia Nyl. ex Hue Add. Nov. Lich. Eur. 
p. 39 (1886).—Thallus lobes narrow or wide; beneath more or 
less rhizinose. 
A. RBhizine very scanty. 
6. P. pubescens Wain. in Medd. Soc. Faun. & Fl. Fenn. xiv. 
p. 22 (1886).—Thallus of rounded or somewhat flattened slender 
filaments, spreading, decumbent, dichotomously and intricately 
branched, olive-brown or brownish-black, somewhat shining, 
beneath paler, attached to the rock by short stoutish discoid 
hold-fasts or by short rhizine (?) (K—,CaCl—). Apothecia seated 
on the thallus or terminal, moderate in size, plane or convex, 
concolorous with the thallus, the margin subentire or granular ; 
spores 7-11 » long, 6-8 » thick.—P. lanata Wallr. Fl. Crypt. 
Germ. i. p. 529 (1831) (non Linn.) ; Mudd Man. p. 101 ; Cromb. 
Lich. Brit. p. 35; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 124. Usnea ceespitosa 
exilis, capillacea, atra Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 66, t. 13, fig. 9 (1741). 
Lichen pubescens L. Sp. Pl. p. 1155 (1753); Engl. Bot. t. 846 
(middle fig.). L. scaber Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2, p. 562 (1778). 
Cornicularia lanata Ach, Meth. Lich. p. 304 (1803); 8S. F. Gray 
Nat. Arr. i. p. 405; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 69 & in Sm. Engl. 
Fl. v. p. 229; Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 87. Alectoria 
lanata Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 80 (1879). 
Ezsice. Croall n. 498. 
Frequently referred to the radiate fruticose lichens, but the habit 
is decumbent, the structure is partly dorsiventral, the gonidia being 
more or less massed on the upper side of the central medullary strand, 
and the plant is anchored to the substratum by disc-like hold-fasts. 
Th. Fries records the presence of rhizine (Lich. Scand. p. 126). 
Spermogones are frequent and give a somewhat nodulose character to 
the filaments. 
Hab. On rocks and boulders, rarely on gravelly soil in subalpine 
and alpine localities.—Distr. Rare in S.W. and N. England and in 
N. Wales and 8.W. Ireland ; more frequent on the Grampians, Scot- 
land.—B. M. Dartmoor Tors, Devon; Cader Idris and Aran Mawddwy, 
Merioneth; Llangollen, Denbighshire; Snowdon, Carnarvonshire ; 
Teesdale, Durham; New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Glen Tilt, 
Ben More, Mael Girdy and Ben Lawers, Perthshire; Clova Mts. and 
