126 CYCLOCARPINEX [PARMELIA 
undulating, crisp and often with turgid soralia at the margins ; 
beneath brownish-black, with short scattered or crowded rhizine, 
paler and without rhizine towards the circumference (K + unger 
CaCl—). Apothecia very rare, moderate in size or becoming 
rather large, reddish-brown, the margin thin, entire, incurved ; 
spores ellipsoid, 11-17 mw long, 7-10 p thick—S. F. Gray 
Nat. Arr. i. p. 437; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 52 & in Sm. Engl. 
Fl. v. p. 200; Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 148; Mudd 
Man. p. 92; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 33; Leight. Lich. FI. 
p. 128; ed. 3, p. 119.. Lichenoides glaucum perlatum, subtus 
nigrum et cirrosum Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 147, t. 20, fig. 39, . 
A, B, D, (1741). Lichen perlatus Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 448 (1762) ; 
Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 839; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 68; Engl. 
Bot. t. 341. 
Exsicc. Johns. n. 23; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 291; Leight. nos. 
76, 392. 
Usually about 4 to 6 inches across. Though the turgid marginal 
soredia are a characteristic feature, they are sometimes absent; the 
species being recognisable by the smooth thallus, and the orange colour 
produced on the upper surface on the application of potash. 
Hab. On the trunks of old trees, and on rocks in maritime and 
inland tracts.—Dzistr. General and plentiful throughout the British 
Isles.—B. M. Island of Guernsey; Bocconoc, near Penzance and 
Withiel, Cornwall; Torquay, near Lidford, South Brent, Dartmoor 
and Ilfracombe, Devon; New Forest, Hants; Isle of Wight; 
St. Leonards Forest, Fairlight Glen, near Hastings; Mark Cross, 
near Brighton, Henfield and Arundel, Sussex; Lydd, Kent; Little 
Waltham, St. Ossyth, and near Messing, Essex; Cheltenham, 
Gloucestershire ; Gopsall Wood and Twycross, Leicestershire; Wrighton 
Park, Herefordshire; Haughmond Hill, Shropshire; Llanbedr, 
Barmouth and Dolgelly, Merioneth; Bousdale Gill, Cleveland, 
Yorkshire; Stavely, Kendal and Windermere, Westmoreland; New 
Galloway, Kirkeudbrightshire; Swanston Wood, near Edinburgh; 
near Inverary and Barcaldine, Argyll; Loch Katrine and Killin, Perth- 
shire; S. of Fort William, Invernessshire; Applecross, Rossshire ; 
near Cork; Dunkerron, Kerry; Achill Island and Clare Island, Mayo. 
Var. ciliata Scher. Enum. p. 34 (1850).—Thallus similar to 
that of the species, with rounded crenate lobes, crisp and ciliate 
at the margins and with turgid soralia. Apothecia rare.—Leight. 
Lich. Fl. p. 129; ed. 3, p. 120. Subsp. ciliata Nyl. in Flora 1xi. 
p. 247 (1878); Cromb. in Grevillea xv. p. 74 (1887) & in 
Monogr. i. p. 233 pro parte. .P. perforata Hook. in Sm, Engl. 
Fl. v. p. 200 (1833) pro parte. Lobaria perlata var. ciliata 
DC. FI. Fr. ii. p. 403 (1805). 
Distinguished by the presence of cilia on the margins of the lobes ; 
frequently confused with P. proboscidea, to which the above references 
partly refer. 
Hab. On the trunks of trees, and on rocks and boulders in maritime 
and inland districts.—Distr. Possibly not uncommon, but recorded only 
