PARMELIA| PARMELIACEX ire 
in the southern and western counties of Great Britain and Jreland.— 
B. M. Helmen Tor, Cornwall; Hay Tor, Dartmoor, Devon; I. of 
Wight; Barmouth, Merioneth; Eskdale, Cumberland; Helensburgh, 
Dumbartonshire ; Inverary and Barcaldine, Argyll; Clare Island and 
Achill Island, Mayo. 
b. Thallus greenish-yellow. 
10. P. caperata Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 216 (1803).—Thallus 
spreading, lobate, wrinkled, sometimes pulverulent-sorediate 
towards the centre, the lobes broad, rounded, narrowly sinuate 
and crenulate, pale-yellowish-green or pale ochraceous, beneath 
blackish, rhizinose, brown and naked at the circumference 
(K + yellowish, CaCl —). Apothecia moderate in size, brownish- 
red, the margin crenulate and often sorediate ; spores 17-20 p long, 
7-10 p» thick.—S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 437 ; Hook. FI. Scot. ii. 
p. 52 & in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 198; Tayl. in Mackay FI. Hib. ii. 
p. 146; Mudd Man. p. 101, t. 2, fig. 30; Cromb. Lich. Brit. 
p- 32; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 122; ed. 3, p. 114. Lichenoides 
crusta foliosa, ex cinereo et luteo virescente superne, inferne nigra 
et levi Dill. in Ray Syn. ed. 3, p. 73, n. 62 (1724). Lichenoides 
caperatum, rosacee expansum, e sulphureo virens Dill. Hist. Muse. 
p- 193, t. 25, fig. 97 (1741). Lichen caperatus L. Sp. Pl. p. 1147 
(1753); Huds. FI. Angl. ed. 2, p. 543; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. 
p. 58; Engl. Bot. t. 654. 
Exsicc. Bohl. n. 123; Cromb. n. 140; Johns. n. 220; Larb. 
Cesar. n. 63 & Lich. Hb. n. 289; Leight. n. 77; Mudd n. 73. 
Also a wide-spreading species, it is well distinguished by the 
colour and the wrinkling of the thallus. The apothecia are somewhat 
rare, and are chiefly central. Spermogones are minute and brown, 
with spermatia 6-7 » long, 1 p» thick. 
Hab. On the trunks of old trees, palings and boulders.—Distr. 
General and fairly abundant throughout the British Isles, though 
rare in N. Scotland.—B. M. St. Brelade’s and Boulay Bay, 
Jersey; Guernsey; St. Mary’s, Scilly; Bocconoec, Penzance and 
Withiel, Cornwall; Ivy Bridge, Bolt Head, Newton Bushell, Totnes 
and Dartmoor, Devon; Lyme Regis, Dorset; Lyndhurst, Hants; 
Carisbrooke and Ryde, Isle of Wight; Lewes, Hastings, Pondlye, 
and near Brighton, Sussex; near Tunbridge Wells, Kent ; Waltham- 
stow, Hainault Forest and near Bocking, Essex; Stonehenge, Wilts ; 
Elstree, Herts; near Malvern, Worcestershire; Gamlingay, Cam- 
bridgeshire; Charnwood Forest and Twycross, Leicestershire ; 
Haughmond Hill, Shropshire; Hafod, Cardiganshire; Cwm Bychan 
and near Barmouth, Merioneth ; Llanberis, Carnarvonshire ; Anglesea ; 
Buxton, Derbyshire; Teesdale, Durham; near Hexham, Northum- 
berland; Stavely, Windermere, Westmoreland; Keswick and Asby, 
Cumberland; New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Rivelstone and 
Pentland Hills, near Edinburgh; Airds, Appin, Argyll; Blair- 
drunmmond, Aberfoyle, Kenmore and Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; Ben 
Nevis, Invernessshire; Rostellan, Cork; Dunkerron, Kerry; Achill 
Island, Mayo. 
