162 CYCLOCARPINE.E [EVERNIA 
p. 425; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 61 & in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 224; 
Tayl. in Mackay FI. Hib. ii. p. 84; Mudd Man. p. 72; Cromb. 
Lich. Brit. p. 24 (incl. f. sorediifera) ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 90 ; 
ed. 3, p. 82. Lichenoides arboreum ramosum majus et mollius 
colore candicante Dill. in Ray Syn. p. 75, n. 80 (1724). Lichenoides _ 
cornutum bronchiale molle subtus incanum Dill. Hist. Muse. p, 160, 
t. 21, fig. 554 (1741). Lichen prunastri L. Sp. Pl. p. 1147 
(1753) ; Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 452; Lightf. Fl. Scot. p. 835 ; With. 
Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 52; Engl. Bot. t. 859. 
Exsicc. Bohl. n. 64; Croall n. 396; Johns. n. 22; Larb. 
Lich. Hb. n. 246; Leight. n. 36; Mudd n. 41. 
A variable species according to age and habitat, but always readily 
distinguished by the white under surface. Though the structure is on 
the whole dorsiventral, groups of alge frequently occur on the lower 
side, especially near the tips. Apothecia and spermogones are rare. 
The latter have spermatia 6-7 » long, *5 p thick. 
Hab. On the trunks and branches of trees, or on hedge bushes, in 
orchards, woods, etc.— Distr. General and usually plentiful in most 
parts of the British Isles; more frequently fertile on the Grampians, 
Scotland.—_B. M. Islands of Jersey and Guernsey; near Penzance 
and Withiel, Cornwall; Ullacombe near Bovey Tracey, Devon; New 
Forest, Hants; St. Leonards Forest, Eridge Park, near Tilgate, near 
Hapstead and Bolnore, Sussex; Lydd, Kent; Shiere, Godalming, 
Surrey ; Langford, Epping Forest and Walthamstow, Essex; Ciren- 
cester, Gloucestershire; Broadwas and Malvern, Worcestershire ; 
Oswestry, the Wrekin and near Shrewsbury, Shropshire; Madingley 
near Cambridge ; near Cromer, Norfolk; Welbeck Park, Notts; Cwm 
Bychan, Merioneth; Anglesea, Cheshire; near Matlock, Buxton and 
near Bank House, Derbyshire; Lounsdale and Ayton, Cleveland, 
Yorkshire; near Kendal, Westmoreland; Hale Mill and Alston, 
Cumberland ; Gibside Woods, Durham; New Galloway, Kirkeud- 
brightshire ; Currie, near Edinburgh; near Glasgow; Appin, Argyll; 
Killin, Aberfeldy and Blaeberry Hill, Perthshire ; Deerhill Wood, 
Sidlaw Hills, Guthrie, and Kinnordy, Forfarshire ; Countesswells 
Woods, Durris Woods, and Ballochbuie Forest, Braemar, Aberdeen- 
shire; Invermoriston and Rothiemurchus Woods, Invernesssbire ; 
Cawdor Woods, Nairnshire; Lairg, Sutherlandshire; near Cork; 
Achill Island, Mayo; near Belfast, Antrim. 
Form retusa Cromb. in Journ. Linn. Soe. xvii. p. 569 (1880). 
—Thallus of short crowded erect fronds which are retuse and 
emarginate at the apices. Apothecia not seen.—Lichenoides 
cornutum bronchiale molle subtus incanum Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 160, 
t. 21, fig. 55 un. Parmelia prunastri var. retusa Ach. Meth. Lich. 
p. 257 (18v3). 
Grows in dense tufts about 1 or 2 cm. in height, and often spreads 
extensively. It is more or less sorediiferous. 
Hab. On old palings, chiefly larch, in lowland or upland districts. 
—Distr. Seen only from a few localities in 8. England, E. and N. 
Scotland.—B. M. Park, near Aberdeen and Durris, Aberdeenshire. 
Var. stictoceros Hook. in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 224 (1833) (non 
Ach.).—Thallus pendulous or prostrate, subcompressed, greenish- 
