ei 
: st : 
178 CYCLOCARPINEE [USNEA 
(1831); Mudd Man. p. 69, t. 1, ‘fig. 15; Cromb. Lich. Brit. 
p. 23; ff. florida and rubiginea Leight. Lich. Fl. pp. 83 & 86 
(1871); ed. 3, pp. 75 & 77 pro parte. U. plicata var. florida 
Tayl. in Mackay FI. Hib. ii. p. 86 (1836). U. intexta Stirt. in 
Scott. Nat. v. p. 102 (1880). U. rubicunda Stirt.1.¢. U. sublurida 
Stirt. 1. c. U. constrictula Stirt. op. cit. vi. p. 109 (1881). U. sub- 
floridana tom. cit. p. 294. Muscus arboreus cum orbiculis Dill. in 
Ray Syn. ed. 3, p. 65, n. 6 (1724). Usnea vulgatissima tenwior 
et brevior, cum orbiculis Dill. Hist. Musc. p. 69, t. 13, fig. 13 
(1741). Lichen floridus L. Sp. Pl. p. 1154 (1753); Huds. FI. 
Angl. p. 463; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p: 897; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. 
p- 50; Engl. Bot. t, 872. 
Exsicc. Cromb. n. 16; Johns. n. 21; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 285. 
Distinguished by the constantly erect habit, the well-developed 
apothecia, and by the generally crowded horizontal fibrils ; these are 
mostly smooth, but occasionally they tend to become verrucose like 
the main stem, and even sorediate, forming a transition to the more 
constantly sorediate var. hirta. Both the species and the variety are 
occasionally tinged red; a condition indicated in the varieties and 
forms rubiginea, ferruginascens and rubicunda. The new British 
species described in Stirton’s papers are based on various chemical 
reactions. 
Hab. On the branches of trees, rarely on rocks, in woods and 
forests. — Distr. General and not uncommon throughout Great 
Britain, rare in the Channel Islands.—B. M. Island of Guernsey ; 
Boulay Bay, Jersey ; Boconnoc and near Penzance, Cornwall; Lydford, 
near Totnes, Okehampton and Becky Falls, Devon; New Forest, 
Hants; near Tunbridge Wells and near Hastings, Sussex; near Lydd, 
Kent; Haslemere, Surrey; Hay Coppice and Whitfield, Hereford- 
shire; Dynevor Castle, Carmarthenshire ; Conway Falls, Hafod and 
Bettws-y-Coed, Carnarvonshire ; Anglesea ; Gibside Woods, Durham ; 
Ambleside, Westmoreland ; New Galloway, Kirkeudbrightshire, Pent- 
land Hills near Edinburgh ; Appin and near Inverary, Argyll; Craig 
Calliach and Stronachlachan Woods, Killin, Perthshire; Durris 
Woods, Kincardineshire ; Ballochbuie Forest, Braemar and Countess- 
wells Woods, Aberdeenshire ; Invermoriston, Invernessshire; Clare 
Tsland, Mayo. 
Var. hirta Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 309 (1803).—Thallus rather 
short, nearly erect, caespitose, crowdedly branched and fibrillose, 
the fibrille and secondary branches slender, frequently long, 
forked and curving, and generally more or less beset with soredia. 
Apothecia very rare, rather small; spores 6-8 p» long, 4-6 p» 
thick.—U. hirta Hoffm. Deutsch]. Fl. p. 133 (1795) ; Cromb. in 
Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 555 (1880) & Monogr. i. p. 203. 
U. plicata var. hirta Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 623 (1810); 8. F. Gray 
Nat. Arr. i. p. 404; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 70 & in Sm. Engl. 
Fl. v. p. 226; Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 86. U. barbata 
var. hirta Fr. Lich. Eur. p. 18 (1831); Mudd Man. p. 69; f. 
hirta Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 23 (1870); Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 84; 
ed. 3, p. 76. U. subpectinata Stirt. in Scott. Nat. v. p. 108 
