USNEA | USNEACE 179 
(1880). Usnea vulyatissima tenuior et brevior, sine orbiculis Dill. 
Hist. Muse. p. 67, t. 13, fig. 12 (1741). Lichen hirtus L. Sp. Pl. 
p- 1155 (1753); Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 462; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. 
p. 895; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 46. 
Ezxsicc. Leight. n. 1 pro parte ; Mudd n. 35. 
Smaller and more entangled than the species and more commonly 
sorediate. It is perhaps more a growth form due to moist conditions 
than a variety, as though fairly well marked, there are intermediate 
stages. As in so many sorediate lichens, apothecia are rare. The 
specimens with reddish tinted thallus belong partly to the species and 
partly to the variety. 
Hab. On old palings and on the branches of trees in wooded neigh- 
bourhoods.—Distv. General and fairly abundant throughout the 
British Isles—B. M. Guernsey; Rozel, Jersey ; near Penzance and 
Withiel, Cornwall; Coryton and Becky Falls, Devon; New Forest, 
Hants; near Ryde, I. of Wight; near Hastings, St. Leonards Forest, 
near Balcombe, Maplehurst and Haywards Heath, Sussex; near 
Writtle, Messing and Hainhault Forest, Essex ; near Sapperton and 
near Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Gopsall, Leicestershire; Stiper- 
stones, near Oswestry and Haughmond Hill, Shropshire, Cemmes 
Road, Montgomeryshire; Nannau, Dolgelly, Merioneth; Conway 
Falls and Bettws-y-Coed, Carnarvonshire; Anglesea; Ayton and 
Ingleby, Cleveland, Yorkshire; near Hexham, Northumberland ; 
Ashgill and Calder Abbey, Cumberland; New Galloway, Kirkeud- 
brightshire ; near Moffat, Dumfriesshire; Pentland Hills, near 
Edinburgh ; Inverary and Appin, Argyll; Killin, Perthshire; Rossie 
Woods, Forfarshire ; Muchalls, Kincardineshire; Park, near Aberdeen, 
and Mar Forest, Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Rothiemurchus Woods, 
Invernessshire ; Lairg, Sutherlandshire ; Askew Wood, Kerry; Achill 
Island, Mayo; near Belfast, Antrim. 
Var. mollis Hue in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris sér. 4, 
i. p. 35 (1899).—Thallus pale-grey, erect, with a stout base, with 
rather long branchlets and the central axis very slender.— 
Usnea mollis Stirt. in Scott. Nat. vi. p. 109 (1881). Specimen 
not seen. 
Collected near New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; recorded also 
from Brazil, Japan and Africa. 
2. U. cornuta Koerb. Parerg. Lich. p. 2 (1859).—Thallus 
pale, erect, cxespitose, stiff, distinctly articulate, scarcely branched, 
rough with minute papille or soralia, the apices sorediate, 
incurved. Apothecia pallid, small or moderate in size, the 
margins ciliate ; spores small, simple, 9-11 w long, 7-9 p» thick.— 
Stirton in Scott. Nat. vi. p. 103 (1880). Specimen not seen. 
Hab.—On rocks. Recorded by Stirton from $. England and 
S. Scotland. 
3. U. plicata Web. in Wigg. Prim. Fl. Hols. p. 91 (1780).- 
Thallus suberect, becoming elongate and pendulous, terete, the 
cortex becoming ringed andverrucose-sorediate, sparingly fibrillose 
and variously branched, the branches patent, diffuse, often 
N 2 
