182 CYCLOCARPINE® [USNEA 
sparingly ciliate ; spores 8-10 pw long, 5-6 p thick.—Cromb. in 
Journ. Linn. Soe. xvii. p. 554 (1880). U. barbata var. articulata 
Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 313 (1803); 8S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 404 
(1821); Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 70 & in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 227; 
Mudd Man. p. 69; f. articulata Cromb. roe Brit. p. 23 (1870) ; 
Leight. Lich. FL. p. BD's* eb nos) Dp; ; var. intestiniformis 
Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 625 (1810) ; i sntoatinehantaen Cromb. in 
Grevillea xv. p. 48 (1886) & Monogr. i. p. 207. U. barbata Hook. 
in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 226 (1833) pro parte. U. constrictula 
Stirt. in Scott. Nat. v. p. 109 (1880)? Muscus arboreus nodosus 
Dill. in Ray Syn. ed. 3, p. 65, n. 4 (1724). Usnea capillacea et 
nodosa Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 60, t. 11, fig. 4 (1741). Lichen 
articulatus L. Sp. Pl. p. 1156 (1753); Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 462 ; 
With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 48, incl. var. barbatus; Engl. Bot. 
t. 258, fig. 1. 
Exsice. Cromb. n. 17; Dicks. Hort. Sicc. fase. 14, n. 24. 
Distinguished by the ringed and constricted inflations of the cortex 
of the primary branches. In form intestiniformis these are slightly 
exaggerated in size. Apothecia have not been found in this country, 
though abortive fruits are occasionally produced. 
Hab. On the trunks of old trees in shady woods and forests in 
upland districts.—Distr. Fairly general though becoming local and 
scarce with the disappearance of the old forests.—B. M. Liskeard, 
Cornwall; Exmouth Warren, near Exeter, Arton, Braunton Down 
and Becky Falls, Devon; Appuldurcomb and Ventnor, I. of Wight ; 
Boldrewood and Lyndhurst, New Forest, Hants; Charlton Forest, 
Sussex; Enfield Chace, Herts; near Stokenchurch, Oxford; Cwm 
Bychan, near Barmouth, Merioneth; Denbighshire; Hafod, Cardi- 
ganshire; Burnley, Lancashire; Stronachlachan Woods, Killin and 
Brachlin Falls, Perthshire; Deerhill Woods, Forfarshire ; Portmar- 
nock, near Dublin. 
43. ALECTORIA Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 592 (1810) pro parte ; 
emend, A. Zahlbr. in Engler & Prantl Pflanzenf. i. 1*, p. 219 
(1907). (Pl. 43.) 
Thallus filamentous, erect or pendulous, branched, cylindrical 
or partly compressed, attached by a basal sheath; structure 
radiate, the medulla of loose hyphe or partly hollow, the cortical 
layer fibrous, formed of hyphe parallel with the long axis of the 
plant. Algal cells Protococcus. Apothecia lateral on bent or 
straight branchea; marginate, the margin rarely ciliate, the disc 
brown or blackish ; hypothecium colourless with underlying 
gonidia ; paraphyses branched ; spores 4—8 in the ascus, ellipsoid, 
simple, colourless or brownish. Spermogones in small lateral 
tubercles ; sterigmata sparsely branched, with pleurogenous short 
spermatia slightly thickened at each end. 
A genus of upland or mountain plants. Occasionally the thallus 
becomes free from the substratum by decay of the lower part of the 
thallus, growth still continuing at the tips. 
