206 CYCLOCARPINEX | PLACODIUM 
spores small, broadly ellipsoid, 7-10 p long, 4-5 p thick. 
Lecanora miniatula Nyl. in Flora ixvi. p. 98 (1883); Cromb. in 
Journ. Bot. xxiii. p. 195 (1883) & Monogr. i. p. 364. 
The thallus forms a thin expansion following the inequalities of 
the rock; the radiate lacinie are only scanty. Nylander has 
suggested that it may only be a variety of P7. murorum var. pusillum, 
but the apothecia and spores are smaller. 
Hab. On quartzose rocks in a subalpine district.—B. M. Morrone, 
Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 
§ ii. Cattopisma A. L. Sm. Callopisma (as genus) De Not in 
Mem. Reale Acad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2, x. p. 388 (1849) pro 
parte ; Mudd Man. p. 154 pro parte. 
Thallus entirely crustaceous; apothecia with a thalline 
margin, sometimes disappearing ; spores polarilocular except in 
P/. nivale, in which they are simply septate. 
Thallus yellow or greenish-yellow (K + purple). 
14. Pl. citrinum Hepp Flecht. Eur. n. 394 (1857).—Thallus 
effuse, furfuraceous, granular-areolate, citrine- or greenish-yellow 
(Kk + purplish). Apothecia orange-yellow, plane, sometimes 
becoming convex, with the thin thalline margin disappearing ; 
spores ellipsoid, often rather wide at the centre, 10-15 p long, 
5-8 p thick.—Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 177 ; ed. 3, p. 163. Pl. murorum 
var. citrinum Flot. in Uebers. Schles. Ges. Vat. Cult. 1849, 
p. 119; Mudd Man. p. 132 {inel. var. steropeum ?); subsp. citrinum 
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 45 (1870). Lichenoides crustosum, orbiculis 
et scutellis flavis Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 136, t. 18, fig. 18 B. Lichen 
candelarius Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 444 (1762) pro parte (? Linn.) ; 
With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 27 pro parte. citrinus Ach. Lich. 
Suec. Prodr. p. 73 (1798) ; Engl. Bot. t. 1795 (three lower figs.). 
Verrucaria citrina Hoffm. Deutschl. Fl. ii. p. 198 (1795). 
Parmelia murorum var. steropea Ach, Meth. Lich. p. 196 (1813)? 
Leeanora citrina Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 402 (1810) ; Hook. in Sm. 
ingl. Fl. v. p. 192; Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 138; 
Cromb. Monogr. 1. p. 571. 
Ezsicc. Johns. n. 73; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 129; Leight. n. 86. 
The furfuraceous thallus spreads extensively, covering mortar, 
mosses, ete.; it is often sterile, though generally well fertile. The 
colour varies from bright citrine-yellow to greenish or greenish- 
yellow, the changes being due to light or shade conditions. 
Hab. On mortar of walls, more rarely on rocks, trees, mosses, etc., 
chiefly about towns and villages in maritime and inland localities.— 
Distr. General and mostly common throughout the British Isles.— 
B. M. Jersey; Alderney; Sark; Withiel, Cornwall; Torquay, Devon ; 
near Taunton, Somerset; Bonchurch and St. Lawrence, I. of Wight ; 
Rottingdean, Brighton and near Lewes, Sussex; Stansted Mount- 
titchet and Beeleigh Abbey, Maldon, Essex; near Windsor, Berks ; 
near Monmouth; Cirencester, Gloucestershire; Llanymynech, near 
