PHYSCIA | PHYSIACEE 233 
S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 434; Hook. in Sm. Engl. FI. v. 
p- 223; Mudd Man. p. 104. Lichen leucomelas L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 
p- 1613 (1763); Engl. Bot. t. 2548. 
Exsicc. Carroll Lich. Hib. n. 2; Cromb. n. 150; Johns. 
n. 402; Larb. Cesar. n. 69 ; Leight. n. 168. 
Distinguished from Ph. ciliaris by the more straggling thinner 
thallus and by the longer black cilia. The fronds are always dorsi- 
ventral; the upper cortex is composed of hyphe parallel with the 
long axis of the fronds, the under surface is non-corticate. It is a 
continental plant which only reaches the Southern Coast. 
Hab. On the ground among mosses and short grasses, rarely on 
mossy trunks of trees in or near maritime districts.—Distr. S. 
England and Channel Islands.—B. M. Quenvais, St. Brelade’s and 
St. Owen’s Bay, Jersey; Sark; Alderney; Bryer and Trescoe 
Islands, Scilly-; The Lizard and Kynance Cove, Cornwall; Dartmoor, 
Bolt Head, Torquay and Babbicombe, Devon; Bathwick Down, 
Somerset; Ballard Down, Swanage, Dorset; St. Leonards Forest. 
Sussex; Ballycotton and Cape Clear Island, Cork. 
Thallus horizontal. 
4. Ph. fusca A. L. Sm.—Thallus suborbicular, flat, the lacinize 
narrow, irregularly branched and imbricate, appressed, becoming 
wider, digitate and more spreading at the circumference, with 
the tips somewhat crenate, chestnut-brown ; beneath paler with 
sparsely scattered greyish or blackish rhizine (K—). Apothecia 
small to moderate in size, often numerous and crowded, the disc 
blackish, the margin prominent, crenate ; spores oblong, brown, 
30-44 pw long, 18—25 p thick.—Physcia aquila Nyl. in Act. Soc. 
Linn. Bord. sér, 3, i. p. 309 (1856); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 39 & 
Monogr. i. p. 310; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 153; ed. 3, p. 142. 
Lichenoides angustifolium fuscum, scutellis pullis Dill. Hist. Muse. 
p. 175, t. 24, f. 69 (1741). Lichen pullus Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. 
p. 825 (1777) (non Schreb.) ; Engl. Bot. t. 982. LD. fuscus Huds. 
Fl. Angl. ed. 2, p. 533 (1778). L. obscurus With. Arr. ed. 3, 
iv. p. 28 (1796). LL. aquilus Ach. Lich. Suec. Prodr. p. 109 
(1798). Parmelia aquila Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 201 (1803) ; 8. F. 
Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 441; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 54 & in Sm. 
Engl. Bot. v. p. 203 ; Tayl. in Mackay FI. Hib. ii. p. 143. 
Ezxsicc. Bohl. n. 111; Dicks. Hort. Sicc. fase. v. n. 25: Jobns. 
n. 29; Larb. Cesar. n. 23; Leight. n. 144. 
A well-marked species both in form and colour. The branches at 
the circumference sometimes grow out in a straggling manner or they 
may be partly corroded (var. stippea Ach. 1. c.). The cortical 
structure differs from that of the previous species in being irregularly 
fibrous on both surfaces. 
Hab. On rocks in maritime districts, rarely on hills some distance 
from the sea.—Distr. General and fairly common on most of the 
rocky coasts of the British Isles; especially abundant in N.E. 
