274 CYCLOCARPINEE [LECANORA 
red, with iodine. L. subfusca Hook. F1. Scot. ii. p. 47 (saxicolous) 
& in Sm. Eng]. Fl. v. p. 189 (saxicolous) ; var. campestris Scher. 
Enum. p. 75 (1850); Mudd Man. p. 147; Cromb. Monogr. i. 
p. 410 ; f. campestris Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 51 (1870) ; f. argentata 
Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 201 (1871) pro parte (non Ach.); ed. 3, 
p- 186 pro parte ; var. spodophzoides Cromb. in Grevillea i. p. 171 
(1872). L. spodophzoides Nyl. in Flora lv. p. 250 (1872) note ; 
Cromb. Monogr. i. p. 410. Lichen punctatus Dicks. Pl. Crypt. 
fasc. ili. p. 15 (1793)? (? Scop. and others) Engl. Bot. t. 450? 
With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 19. 
Ezxsicc. Johns. nos. 77, 324; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 99. 
Frequently classified as a saxicolous variety of Lecanora subfusca, 
but differs in the thallus—partly, no doubt, due to the habitat—and 
also in the paraphyses, which are more constantly clavate than in 
that species, and brown at the tips. The figures and descriptions of 
Lichen punctatus by authors previous to ‘‘ English Botany”’ are, in 
the absence of specimens, too vague for identification. The ‘‘ English 
Botany” specimen is doubtful, so the species name campestris has 
heen retained (cf. L. Prevostii f. melanocarpa). 
Hab. On rocks and walls, rarely on the ground, from maritime to 
upland districts. —Distr. General and common throughout the British 
Isles.—B. M. St. Ouen’s Bay, Jersey ; The Vale, Guernsey; Withiel, 
near Penzance and Wadebridge, Cornwall; Ilsham Walk, Torquay, 
Devon; Shanklin, I. of Wight; Hastings, Sussex; Barnsley Park, 
Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Stormy Down, Glamorganshire; Llan- 
dyssil, Cardiganshire; Greeba Mt., I. of Man; Malvern, Worcester- 
shire ; near Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; near Kendal and Helsington, 
Westmoreland; Whitehaven and St. Bees, Cumberland ; Ravensworth 
Fell and Egglestone, Durham; Chollerford, Northumberland ; Braid 
Hills, Edinburgh, West Water, Fife; Achosragan Hill, Appin, Argyll ; 
Glen Almond, Glen Lyon and Glen Fender, Perthshire; Cove, Kin- 
cardineshire; near Aberdeen ; Cork Harbour and Kinsale, Cork; near 
Kilkee, Clare ; Ballynahinch, Dawros Bridge and Lettermore, Galway ; 
Louisburgh and Achill Island, Mayo. 
Apothecia brownish-black or black. 
18. L. coilocarpa Nyl. ex Norrlin in Medd. Siillsk. Faun. & FI. 
Fenn. i. p. 23 (1876).—Thallus subdeterminate, unequal, warted- 
or granular-areolate, whitish or greyish (K + yellowish). Apo- 
thecia small or occasionally up to 3 mm. across, the disc concave 
then plane, brownish-black, the thalline margin entire, often 
becoming flexuose or crenulate; paraphyses slender, septate 
scarcely widened upwards, the epithecium dark- or sometimes 
greenish-brown ; spores ellipsoid, 12-18 » long, 6-9 p thick ; 
hymenial gelatine blue with iodine-—Cromb. in Grevillea xviii. 
p. 91 (1890) & Monogr. i. p. 415. L. subfusea var. coilocarpa 
Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 393 (1810) ; var. lainea Th. Fr. Lich. Arct. 
p. 105 (1860) ; Mudd Man. p. 147 ; f. lainea Cromb. Lich. Brit. 
p. 51 (1870); £. eoilocarpa Stizenb. in Bot. Zeit. xxvi. p. 894 
(1868); Cromb., 1. c.; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 202; ed. 3, p. 186. 
