LECANORA] LECANORACE 275 
Ezxsicc. Bohl. n. 59? Johns. n. 325; Larb. Cesar. n. 77 ; 
Leight. n. 52; Mudd n. 111. 
In the apothecia of this species there is nearly always a trace of 
brown, more easily seen when they are moistened. The tips of the 
paraphyses are also brown, though occasionally there is a trace of dull 
olive-green, more apparent after treatment with potash. In this and 
the following species the spermogones are frequently immersed in the 
apices of thalline warts. The species was originally described as 
corticolous, and on the Continent occurs both on trees and on rocks. 
Our specimens are all saxicolous except f. pulicaris. 
Hab. On rocks and walls (sometimes on trunks of trees) in mari- 
time and upland districts.—Distr. Fairly common throughout the 
British Isles—B. M. Boulay Bay, Jersey; Helmenton, Cornwall; 
Meadfoot, Torquay, Devon; Ardingly Rocks, Sussex; Rusthall 
Common, Kent; Malvern, Worcestershire; Trellick, Monmouthshire ; 
Barmouth, Merioneth ; Cwm Ffynnon Llugy, Carnarvonshire ; Haugh- 
mond Hill, Shropshire ; Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Staveley, West- 
moreland; Alston, Cumberland; Dalmahoy Hill, near Edinburgh ; 
Appin, Argyll; The Trossachs, Perthshire; Baldovan, Forfarshire ; 
near Portlethen, Kincardineshire; Hill of Ardo, Aberdeenshire 
Lambay Island, Dublin. 
Form pulicaris Cromb. in Grevillea xviii. p. 68 (1890).— 
Thallus very thin or obsolete, whitish. Apothecia numerous, 
small, the disc black, plane, becoming convex, the thalline margin 
thin, entire, becoming crenulate.-—Cromb. Monogr. i. p. 416. 
L. pulicaris Ach. Syn. Lich. p. 336 (1814). Patellaria pulicaris 
Pers. in Ann. Wetter. Ges. ii. p. 13 (1810) fide Ach. 1. c. 
The few British specimens are lignicolous and without a thallus. 
The epithecium resembles that of the species in the dark brownish- 
black colour, differing in this respect from LD. subfusca var. allophana 
and from L. atrynea, with which it might be confused. 
Hab. On old fir palings in upland districts.— Distr. Rare in the 
Scottish Grampians.—B. M. Blair Athole, Perthshire; Crathie, 
Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 
19. L. gangaleoides Nyl. in Flora lv. p. 354 (1872).—Thallus 
subdeterminate, generally thick and coarsely warted-areolate, 
greyish (K + yellow). Apothecia moderate in size, mostly 
crowded, the disc plane, black, the thalline margin rather promi- 
nent, sometimes inflexed, entire or becoming slightly furrowed 
or crenulate, occasionally sometimes flexuose ; paraphyses slender, 
septate, scarcely widened upwards though sometimes slightly 
clavate and coloured at the tips, the epithecium dark- or greenish- 
brown ; spores ellipsoid, 12-17 p long, 6-9 mw thick, or rather 
larger ; hymenial gelatine blue with iodine.—Cromb. in Journ. 
Bot. xiv. p. 360 (1876) & Monogr. i. p. 416; Leight. Lich. FI. 
ed. 3, p. 189. L. subfusca f. gangalea Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 2027; 
ed. 3, p. 187? (non Ach.) ; f. melacarpa Leight. op. cit. ed. 3, 
p. 187. L. atrynea var. melacarpa Cromb, in Grevillea i. p. 171 
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