LECANORA| LECANORACE 289 
Form perspersa Nyl. tom. cit. p. 572.—Thallus obsolete. 
Apothecia smaller and scattered, otherwise as in the species. 
L. subluta £. perspersa Cromb. in Grevillea v. p. 106 (1877) & 
Monogr. i. p. 407 ; var. perspersa Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 190 
(1879). 
Exsicc. Johns. n. 259. 
Hab. On rocks in upland situations.—B. M. N. England; Dawros 
River, Connemara, Galway. 
Subsp. dispersa Nyl. ex Cromb. in Grevillea xviii. p. 68 
(1890) & Monogr. i. p. 406.—Thallus scanty or entirely wanting. 
Apothecia small, more or less scattered, the disc flesh-coloured to 
dark-brown, the thalline margin white, entire or becoming 
crenulate ; paraphyses and spores as in the species.—L. galactina 
var. dispersa Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 424 (1810) ; f. dispersa Leight. 
Lich. Fl. p. 206; ed. 3, p. 190. Lichen dispersus Pers. in Ust. 
Ann. Bot. vii. p. 27 (1794). 
Exsicc. Johns. n. 76. 
Differs from the species in the general absence of thallus and in 
the small well-formed apothecia, usually with an entire margin. The 
apothecia may be widely and sparsely scattered or rather crowded. 
Hab. On rocks and walls in maritime and inland districts.—Dzstr. 
Rather rare in Great Britain and Ireland.—Z. M. Ryde beach, I. of 
Wight; Cirencester, Gloucestershire; near Oswestry, Shropshire ; 
Hartlepool, Durham ; Bywell, Northumberland; Cunswick Sear, 
Westmoreland ; Achosragan Hill, Argyll ; Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole 
and Glen Lochay, Killin, Perthshire; Morrone, Braemar, Aberdeen- 
shire ; Cliffs of Moher, Clare; Delphi, Connemara, Galway. 
Subsp. dissipata Nyl. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. xiii. p. 368 (1866). 
—Thallus in spots or spreading indefinitely, consisting chiefly of 
a blackish stain-like hypothallus. Apothecia minute, the disc 
dull-brown or blackish, or slightly whitish-pruinose, the thalline 
margin whitish, subentire; spores rather smaller than in the 
species, 8-12 w long, 4-6 » thick.—Cromb. in Grevillea xviii. 
p- 67 (1890) & Monogr. i. p. 405. 
Exsice. Johns. n. 315. 
One of the few lichens of the London district, forming ink-like 
stains, thallus and apothecia being further blackened by smoke. 
Johnson's plant from Durham has a very distinct hypothallus like 
that of the London lichens, 
Hab. On calcareous rocks, stones, composite walls, ete.—Distr. 
Rather rare in the more open London districts such as 8. Kensington, 
etc., and N. England.—B. M. Notting Hill and Camden Town, 
London; near Brusselton, Durham. 
34. L. urbana Nyl. ex Cromb. in Journ. Bot. xxiii. p. 195 
(1885).—Thallus white, opaque, more or less pruinose or farinose, 
of rather stout massed granules occasionally flattened and crenu- 
is U 
