PERTUSARIA | PERTUSARIACEX o61 
red or violet), apothecia small, solitary, with a wide white pulveru- 
lent disc and thin margin, becoming immarginate ; spores one in 
the ascus, up to 150 yu long, 40-50 p» thick.—Leight. Lich. FI. 
ed. 3, p. 232. P. globulifera var. sorediata Mudd Man. p. 274 
(1861) pro parte (non Fr.) ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 59 (1870)? 
(non Fr.). P. amara Nyl. in Flora lvi. p. 22 (1873) ; Cromb. in 
Grevillea xix. p. 59 & Monogr. i. p. 496. Lichenoides candidum 
et farinaceum, scutellis fere planis Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 131, t. 18, 
fig. 11 c (1741). Lichen fagineus L. Sp. Pl. p. 1141 (1753) ; 
Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 443? Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 807% With. Arr. 
ed. 3, iv. p. 4 pro parte; Engl. Bot. t. 1713. Vuariolaria faginea 
Pers. in Ust. Ann. Bot. vii. p. 24 (1794); Turn. & Borr. Lich. 
Brit. p. 64; Hook. in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 169. V. amara Ach. 
Lich. Univ. p. 324 (1810); Hook. FI. Scot. ii. p. 46; Grev. Fl. 
Edin. p. 330. 
Exsice. Bohl. n. 26; Johns. n. 153. 
Distinguished from allied monosporous species by the bitter taste 
(hence the trivial name amara) and by the chemical reaction. 
Crombie has given the spore sizes as 190-236 » long, 50-70 p thick. 
The above much smaller measurements are from specimens in the 
herbarium. The spore walls are rather thin when mature. 
Mudd has quoted, as synonyms of his var. sorediata, the species 
Variolaria griseovirens Turn. & Borr. ex Sm. Engl. Bot. t. 2400 
(1812), a specimen of which is preserved with the drawing; Turn. & 
Borr. Lich. Brit. p. 54. It is a thin sterile thallus with small 
yellowish-green soralia, and might be a form of Lecanora farinaria 
Borr. Spiloma vitiligo (Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 10 (1803) & Sm. Engl. 
Bot. t. 2075 (1809)), quoted as synonymous with Variolaria vitiligo 
Turn. & Borr. tom. cit. p. 53 (1839), the powdery bodies of which 
are much darker, is equally indefinite. 
Hab. On trunks of old trees, especially beech and elm in wooded 
tracts.—Distr. General and fairly common, though not seen from the 
Channel Islands.—B. M. Withiel and near Penzance, Cornwall; 
Lydford, Devon ; Minety, Wilts; New Forest, Hants ; St. Leonard’s 
Forest, Sussex; Lydd, Kent; Hainault Forest and near Gosfield, 
Essex ; Buildwas, Shropshire ; Cwm Bychan, Merioneth; Anglesea ; 
Gopsall and Rothery Temple, Leicestershire ; Chatsworth, Derby- 
shire; Teesdale, Durham; Meldon Park, Northumberland; Winder- 
mere, Westmoreland; Asby, Cumberland; near Glasgow, Lanark- 
shire; Craigforth, Stirling; Airds, Appin, Argyll; Finlarig, Killin, 
Perthshire ; Applecross, Rossshire ; Dunkerron, Kerry. 
9. P. multipuncta Nyl. in Flora Ixii. p. 393 (1880).— 
Thallus generally determinate, thinnish, indistinctly cracked- or 
wrinkled-granulate, dotted with round flat white sorediate 
verruce, whitish or greyish-white (Kf + yellow, then sometimes 
red, CaCl—, I = dark-blue). Apothecia one or several in each 
verruce, pale or brownish, with thinnish margin, the whole 
surface white-powdery ; spores one in the ascus, thick-walled, 
oblong, 106-140 p» long, 28-68 p thick.—Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 236 
(errore P. multipunctata) ; ed. 3, p. 226; Cromb. Monogr. i. 
