380 CYCLOCARPINEE [THELOTREMA 
Hab. On rugged bark of trees or on rocks in maritime and upland 
districts.—Distr. Sparingly throughout the British Isles.—B. M. 
New Forest, Hants; Nannau, Lyn Bodlyn and Cammlan Valley, 
Merioneth ; Garn, Denbighshire ; Teesdale, Durham; Wark, North- 
umberland ; Lismore, Argyll; Glenstale, Tipperary ; Kenmore Road 
and Derrycuintry, Killarney, Kerry ; Kylemore and Doughruagh Mts., 
Connemara, Galway. 
2. Th. subtile Tuckerm. in Americ. Journ. Sci. Art. xxv. 
p. 426 (1858); Nyl. in Flora xlvii. p. 491 (1864) note.—Thallus 
thin, generally determinate, smooth or somewhat felted, some- 
times shining, cream-coloured or whitish (Kf + yellow, CaCl —). 
Apothecia erumpent, small, the disc whitish, the proper margin 
prominent, often white-pulverulent ; paraphyses slender, not 
widened upwards, budding off small colourless cells at the tips ; 
spores 8 in the ascus, narrowly elongate 9—12-septate, 40-50 p» 
long, 8-10 » thick.—Carroll in Journ. Bot. iii. p. 289 (1865) ; 
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 61 & Monogr. i. p. 515 ; Leight. Lich. FI. 
p. 248 ; ed. 3, p. 239. 
Exsicc. Cromb. n. 169 ; Larb. Lich. Hb, n. 62. 
An American species, the European representatives of which are 
confined to our western shores. Nylander (I. c.) states that its 
affinity is with Th. bicinctulwum, an Australasian species. The 
specimen from Moidart was collected by the late Mr. W. West. 
Hab. On smooth bark of trees in upland districts.—Distr. Rare in 
Seotland and W. Iveland.—B. M. Moidart, Invernessshire; Tore Mt., 
Cromaglown and Lough Inchiquin, Kerry ; Lough Derryclare, Holy 
Island and Lough Inagh, Connemara, Galway. 
59. PHLYCTIS Wallr. Naturg. Flecht. i. p. 527 (1825) 
emend Koerb. Syst. Lich. Germ. p. 390 (1855). (Pl. 59.) 
Thallus crustaceous, continuous or cracked, or pulverulent, 
developed above or beneath the bark. Algal cells Protococeus. 
Apothecia immersed, then scarcely emerging, the proper margin 
poorly developed, the outer thalline margin irregularly dehiscent 
or indistinct ; paraphyses slender, mostly unbranched ; spores 
1-8 in the ascus, elongate or ellipsoid, muriform, with a thin 
epispore, colourless. Spermogones with simple sterigmata and 
short slender straight spermatia. 
Though placed by some lichenologists in Lecanoracer, the 
immersed apothecia and muriform spores show the affinity with 
Thelotremacer. In appearance'the species are not unlike Pertusarie. 
1. Phil. agelea Koerb. Syst. Lich. Germ. p. 391 (1855).— 
Thallus effuse or subdeterminate, thin, partly developed beneath 
the bark, smooth or somewhat wrinkled, often pulverulent, white 
or greyish-white (K + yellow, then red). Apothecia small, one 
or several enclosed in rather flat pulverulent verruce, the disc 
flesh-coloured then dark, the surrounding margin somewhat tumid 
and torn; spores 2 (or 3-4) in the ascus, ellipsoid, muriform, 
