392 CYCLOCARPINE |GYROPHORA 
As in the species, the rugosities vary from well-marked reticulations 
to an areolate-pustular surface (var. deplicans). The marginal and 
superficial fibres occur irregularly, and may be very scanty or fairly 
abundant. 
Hab. On rocks and stone walls in upland or alpine regions.— 
Distr. Similar to species.—B6. M. Swinhope Fell, Durham; Ben 
Lawers and Ben More, Perthshire; Clova, Forfarshire; Cairngorm, 
Glen Callater, Ben-naboord and Morrone, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; 
Ben Nevis, Invernessshire. 
4, G. arctica Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 106, t. 2, fig. 6 (1803).— 
Thallus monophyllous, reaching fairly large dimensions in arctic 
regions, rather thick and coriaceous, slightly lobed, erenate and 
reflexed at the margin, the upper surface with crowded granulate 
wrinkles, sometimes rising to ridges, pale-grey to brownish or 
blackish-brown, the centre lighter coloured and somewhat pruinose 
when dry ; beneath almost smooth or finely granulate papillose, 
paler in colour, blackish towards the centre (K —, CaCl + *eiish), 
Apothecia numerous, becoming convex; spores 12-16 yp long, 
6-8 » thick (or frequently smaller).—Turn. & Borr. Lich. Brit. 
p. 225 (locality doubtful) ; Engl. Bot. t. 2485; 8. F. Gray Nat. 
Arr. i. p. 477; Cromb. Monogr. i. p. 331. G. proboscidea var. 
arctica Wahlenb. FI]. Lapp. p. 483 (1812); Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 
p. 42 & in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 217. G. hyperborea var. arctica 
Mudd Man. p. 117. Lichenoides atrwm, corii Persict instar 
exasperatum Dill. Hist. Musc. p. 220, t. 30, fig. 119 (1741). 
Umbilicaria varia var. arctica Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 
sel, 2, xvili. p. 283 (1856). U. arctica Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 40 
(1870); Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 157; ed. 3, p. 145 pro parte. 
A northern or alpine lichen near to G. hyperborea, rare in our 
country. A specimen quoted by Turner and Borrer as collected in 
Durham seems of doubtful determination. The slightly pruinose 
character of the thallus may have suggested toDillenius its likeness 
to the skin of a peach. 
Hab. On rocks in alpine situations.—B. M. Ben-naboord, Braemar, 
Aberdeenshire. 
5. G@. hyperborea Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 104 (1803).—Thallus 
monophyllous, moderate in size (generally about 5 cm. across), 
thin and tough, the surface pustulate-wrinkled and very unequal, 
more or less lacerate at the margins, deep chestnut- to blackish- 
brown ; beneath smooth or finely granulate-papillose, sublacunose, 
brownish-black (K —, CaCl + reddish). Apothecia sessile, 
appressed, irregular in form, elongate or triangular, becoming 
rounded and convex; spores elongate-ellipsoid, 12-16 p long, 
7-8 p thick.—Turn, & Borr. Lich. Brit. p. 227; Mudd Man. 
p. 117 (excl. var. arctica); Cromb. Monogr. i. p. 330. Lichen 
ustulatus Ehrh. Exs. n. 296 (1793) nomen nudum, fide Wainio 
in Medd. Soc. Faun. & Fl. Fenn. xiv. p. 23 (1888). DL. hyper- 
boreus Ach. in Vet. Acad. Handl. xv. p. 89, t. 2, fig. 2 (1794). 
