394 CYCLOCARPINEE [GYROPHORA 
crowded deeply divided lobes, which are rounded or sometimes 
lacerate, irregular in size, generally smooth, olive-reddish- or 
blackish-brown; beneath smooth, blackish (K =, CaCl £.+ reddish). 
Apothecia very rare, sessile, small, with few gyrose lines ; spores 
13-18 p» long, 7-8 » thick.—Turn. & Borr. Lich. Brit. p. 214 
(incl. var. sulcata); Mudd Man. p. 116 (incl. f. lacera, excel. var. 
flocculosa) ; Cromb. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 576 (1880) & 
Monogr. i. p. 331. G. glabra var. polyphylla 8S. F. Gray Nat. 
Arr. i. p. 476 (1821); Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 41. Lichenoides 
tenue pullum, foliis utrinque glabris Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 225, t. 30, 
fig. 129 (1741). Lichen polyphyllus L. Sp. Pl. p. 1150 (1753) ; 
Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 455; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 863; With. Arr. 
ed. 3, iv. p. 65; Engl. Bot. t. 1282. Umbilicaria polyphylla 
Schrad. Spicil. p. 102 (1794); Carroll in Journ. Bot. iv. p. 22 
(1866); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 41 (incl. var. lacera); Leight. 
Lich. FI. p. 155; ed. 3, p. 143 (incl. ff. lacera, suleata). U. varia 
var. polyphylla Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xviii. 
p- 278 (1856) (incl. ff. sulcata, lacera). 
Exsicc. Croall n. 392; Johns. n. 364; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 331 ; 
Leight. n. 313; Mudd n. 87. 
Distinguished by the smooth somewhat shining surface of the 
thallus, which, from being monophyllous, divides and branches into 
numerous overlapping irregular lobes with a polyphyllous appearance, 
or several centres may be present in one plant; all gradations are 
present, the extreme forms being described below; the outer lobes 
may be torn (f. lacerata) and the outer epidermis is sometimes cracked, 
exposing the inner darker layer (f. swleata). The colour reaction 
with calcium chloride is rather uncertain. 
Apothecia are so rare, both in home and foreign specimens, that 
it has not been possible to verify details of spores, etc. 
Hab. On rocks, boulders and walls in upland and mountainous 
districts.—Distr. Fairly general in the hilly parts of Great Britain, 
apparently rare in Ireland.—B. M. Near St. Olear, Cornwall; Dart- 
moor, Devon; Cader Idris and Cellfawr near Barmouth, Merioneth ; 
Carnedd Llewelyn and Cwm Trefayn, Snowdon, Carnarvonshire ; 
Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire; Ingleby and Battersby Moors, 
Cleveland, Yorkshire; between Hyshope and Wasterly, Durham; 
Kentmere, Westmoreland; near Wallington, Northumberland; New 
Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Ben Lomond, Stirlingshire; Ben 
Lawers, near Tummel Bridge and Craig-y-Barns, Dunkeld, Perthshire ; 
Sidlaw Hills, Clova Mts. and Cortachy, Forfarshire; Glen Callater, 
Morrone and Lochnagar, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Ben Nevis, Inver- 
nessshire; Luggelaw, Wicklow (almost f. congregata). 
Form glabra Cromb. Monogr. i. p. 332 (1894).—Thallus 
rather large, monophyllous, lobate or laciniate at the margin.— 
G. glabra Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 101 (1803); 8. F. Gray Nat. Arr. 
i. p. 476; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 41. Lichen glaber Ach. in Vet. 
Acad. Handl. xv. p. 31 (1794) & Lich. Suec. Prodr. p. 144 (1798). 
L. anthracinus Wulf. ex Jacq. Mise. ii. p. 84, t. 9, fig. 4 (1781) 
{fide Ach.); Dicks. Pl. Crypt. iii. p. 19 (1793); With. Arr. 
