GYROPHORA | GYROPHORACER 395 
ed. 3, iv. p. 63. Umbilicaria varia var. polyphylla f£. monophylla 
Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xviii. p. 278 (1856)? 
U. polyphylla £. monophylla Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 155 (1871)? ed. 3, 
p- 143; f. glabra Stizenb. St. Gall. Nat. Ges. 1876, p. 212. 
Differs from the species in the persistently monophyllous thallus, 
which is also somewhat stouter and firmer. Lichen anthracinus was 
included by Acharius (Syn. Lich. p. 63) under his Gyrophora glabra, 
with which the description agrees, and Dickson’s plant seems also to 
be referable here. 
Hab. On rocks and boulders in upland or mountainous districts. 
—Distr. Collected only rarely in N. Scotland and E. Ireland.—B. M. 
Ben Lawers, Perthshire; Lough Bray, near Dublin. 
Form congregata Turn. & Borr. Lich. Brit. p. 214 (1839),— 
Thallus of small crowded lobes, clustered and curled, with the 
margins erect or reflexed, entire or crenate-lacerate.—Cromb. 
Monogr. i. p. 332. Umbilicaria varia var. polyphylla £. congregata 
Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xviii. p. 279 (1856). 
U. polyphylla £. congregata Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 156 (1871); ed. 3, 
p. 144. 
Ezsicc. Leight. n. 65. 
Distinguished by the small ascending closely packed lobes, which 
may have separate hoid-fasts or may be parts of a single thallus. It 
is connected with the species by intermediate stages.* 
Hab. On rocks in upland districts.—Distr. Rare in W. and N. 
England and E. Scotland.—B. M. Arcoll Hill, Caer Caradoc and The 
vo Shropshire ; Howden Gill, Cleveland, Yorkshire; Kincardine- 
shire. 
Thallus with fibrils or rhizine. 
8. G. cylindrica Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 107 (1803).—Thallus 
moderate in size (generally about 5 cm. across), subcoriaceous, 
mostly polyphyllous, sinuate-lobate, crenate or lacerate, greyish- 
or black-fibrillose at the margins, the surface generally smooth, 
dull, greyish-brown above and sometimes pruinose ; beneath often 
lighter and sometimes mottled with black, sparingly fibrillose 
and with one or more hold-fasts (K —, CaCl —). Apothecia 
sessile becoming pedicellate, up to 2 mm. across, thinly margined ; 
spores rather small, 10-14 pw long, 6-8 pw thick.—S. F. Gray 
Nat. Arr. i. p. 477; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 42 & in Sm. Engl. 
Fl. v. p. 218; Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 155; Mudd Man. 
p. 119; Cromb. Monogr. i. p. 327. G. proboscidea Turn. & 
Borr. Lich. Brit. p. 219 (1839) (non Linn.). Lichenoides corneum 
marginibus eleganter fimbriatis Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 218, t. 29, 
fig. 116a (1741). Lichen cylindricus L. Sp. Pl. p. 1144 (1753) 
(excl. Syn. Dill.); Ach. Lich. Suec. Prodr. p. 148 (1798). 
L. crinitus Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 860 (1777). L. proboscideus 
Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2, p. 551 (1778) (non Linn.) ; With. Arr. 
ed. 3, iv. p. 65; Engl. Bot. t. 522 (two upper figs.). Umbilicaria 
