BEOMYCES|] CLADONIACEE 403 
BHOMYCES Pers. in Ust. Ann. Bot. vii. p. 19 (1794) ; Nyl. 
Syn. Lich. i. p. 175 (1860) (excl. B. iemadophilus). (Pl. 64.) 
Horizontal or primary thallus crustaceous, granular, pulveru- 
lent or squamulose. Podetia endogenous in origin, rising from 
the inner tissue of the thalline granules, very short and with 
or without gonidia. Apothecia terminal, immarginate, light- 
coloured ; hypothecium pale; spores usually 8 in the ascus, 
ellipsoid or fusiform, simple or septate, colourless. Spermogones 
immersed in small tubercles, with septate sterigmata and 
acrogenous spermatia. 
The podetia are very short, and originate generally, as do those of 
Cladonia, within the thallus. Usually they are naked, though in 
some species they have a gonidial layer. 
1. B. rufus DC. Fl. Fr. ii. p. 342 (1805).—Thallus effuse, 
thinnish, furfuraceous, whitish or bluish-green (K + yellow). 
Podetia short, subcompressed, whitish, sometimes with gonidia. 
Apothecia small or moderate in size, plane or convex, reddish 
or brownish flesh-coloured (K —); paraphyses often slightly 
branched ; spores 6 to 8 in the ascus, oblong-ellipsoid, simple, 
small, 6-12 » long, 3-4 w thick; hymenial gelatine not tinged 
with iodine.—S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 413; Hook. FI. Scot. in. 
p- 65 & in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 137; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 16 & 
Monogr. i. p. 109; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 52; ed. 3, p. 50. 
B. rupestris Pers. in Ust. Ann. Bot. vii. p. 19 (1794); Tayl. in 
Mackay F). Hib. ii. 78; var. lignorwm Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 322 
(1803). B. lignorum 8S, F. Gray 1. ¢. pro parte. B. byssoides 
Scher. Enum. Lich. p. 183 (1850) ; Mudd Man. p. 63. Lichenoides 
Jungiforme terrestre, capitulis fuscis Dill. in Ray Syn. ed. 3, 
p- 70, n. 39 (1724). Coralloides fungiforme saxatile. pallide 
Jfuscum Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 78, t. 14, fig. 4 (1741). Lichen rufus 
Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 443 (1762); With. Arr. ed. 3; iv. p. 14. 
L. byssoides L. Mant. p. 133 (1767) ; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 809 ; 
Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2, p. 527; Engl. Bot. t. 373. L. fungiformis 
Scop. Fl. Carniol. ed. 2, ii. p. 360 (1772); With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. 
p. 14. 
Exsicc. Cromb. n. 12; Johns. n. 46; Larb. Cesar. n. 6 & 
Lich. Hb, n. 43; Leight. n. 178; Mudd n. 30. 
Usually spreads extensively, and varies in thickness and colour 
according to substratum and exposure. The apothecia are generally 
numerous, scattered or crowded, the stalk occasionally branched, and 
when dry wrinkled and furrowed. 
Hab, On sandy and gravelly soil, occasionally on rocks and stones, 
rarely on rotten wood in shady situations.—Distr. General and 
eommon, chiefly in hilly and mountainous regions.—B. M. Rozel, 
Jersey; Sark; Withiel and near Boconnoc, Cornwall; near South 
Brent and Dartmoor, Devon; I. of Wight; New Forest, Hants; 
Ardingly Rock and Tilgate, Sussex; Ightham Common, Kent; Leith 
Hill and Hart Wood, Surrey; Hornsey Wood, Middlesex; Epping 
Jen 2 
