PILOPHORUS | CLADONIACE: 407 
Resembling Sterocaulon in the non-endogenous development of 
the podetium and in the presence of cephalodia, but differing in the 
more persistent primary thallus and the darker apothecia. 
1. P. cereolus Stiz. in Verh. St. Gall. Nat. Ges. 1875, p. 198. 
—Thallus effuse, crustaceous, granular, sometimes cracked into 
areole, greyish-white, sprinkled with rather flat finely granular 
dark-olive cephalodia containing Stiqonema algze (K + yellowish). 
Podetia short, erect, simple, greyish-white. Apothecia subglo- 
bose, black; spores ellipsoid-fusiform, usually 16-20 y long, 
5-8 p thick.—Cromb. in Grevillea xv. p. 15 (1886) & Monogr. i. 
p- 114. P. fibula Th. Fr. Ster. Pil. Comm. p. 40 (1857) ; Leight. 
in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, iv. p. 201 (1869) and Lich. FI. 
p. 76, ed. 3, p. 69; Cromb. in Journ. Bot. viii. p. 96 (1870). 
P. strumaticus Nyl. ex Cromb. in Journ. Bot. xiii. p. 140 (1875) 
& Monogr. i. p. 115. Lichen (Isidium) cereolus Ach. Lich. Suec. 
Prodr. p. 89 (1798). Sterocaulon cereolus Ach. Meth. p. 316, t. 7, 
fig. 1 (1803); Borr. in Engl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2667 ; Hook. in Sm. 
Engl. Fl. v. p. 233; Tayl. in Mackay FI. Hib. ii. p. 83. 
St. fibulum Tuckerm. Syn. Lich. p. 46 (1848). St. condensatum 
subsp. cereolinum Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 17 (1870). 
Exsicc. Leight. n. 383; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 5. 
Not unlike Sterocaulon pileatwm, but easily distinguished by the 
darker apothecia and by the more finely granular thallus. The spores 
of P. cereolus attain a larger size than the measurements given by 
Crombie (16-22 » x 4-5). Usually they reach about 17-20 p» in 
length and 7 » in width; one abnormal spore measured 25 x 5 p. 
In P. strwmaticum the normal size is the same, though rather thicker 
spores up to 9 » thick have been observed. In one specimen of that 
“species” the podetia are crowded and the apothecia confluent, 
which may have given the appearance of a strumose, deformed base 
in section. There is no other trace of it. 
Hab. On moist shady rocks in upland and subalpine situations. 
—Distr. Local and scarce in the mountainous parts of Great Britain 
and Ireland.—B. M. Llyn Gwernon, Cader Idris and Dolgelly, 
Merioneth; Glyder and Carnedd Dafydd, Carnarvon; Egglestone, 
Durham; New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Achosragan Hill, 
Appin and Ben Cruachan, Argyll; Craig Calliach, Glen Lyon, Killin 
and Ben Lawers, Perthshire; Morrone, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; 
Sligachan, Skye and Glen Nevis, Invernessshire; Applecross, Ross- 
shire; Dunkerron, Kerry ; Kylemore, Connemara, Galway. 
STEREOCAULON Schreb. Gen. Pl. ed. 8, ii. p. 768 (1791) ; 
Nyl. Syn. i. p. 230 (1860). Leprocaulon Nyl. ex Lamy in Bull. Soc. 
Bot. Fr. xxv. p. 352 (1878) ; Cromb. Monogr. i. p. 123. (Pl. 67.) 
Primary thallus granular, or minutely squamulose, usually 
soon evanescent. Podetia erect or decumbent developed from 
the upward growth of the primary thallus (not endogenous) much 
branched, solid in the centre, the exterior beset with minute 
warts or variously formed squamules which are more or less 
corticate. Cephalodia present usually on the podetia and con- 
