408 CYCLOCARPINEZ! [ STEREOCAULON 
taining Nostoc or Stigonema. Apothecia terminal or lateral, 
usually dark-brown, immarginate (rarely with a thalline margin) ; : 
hypothecium colourless ; : paraphyses slender, discrete ; asci cylin- 
drical, 6—8-spored ; spores elongate 4-pluri- septate, colourless. 
Spermogones with filiform or cylindrical straight or bent 
acrogenous spermatia. 
Along with Pilophorus differing from Cladonia in the origin of the 
podetium, but similar in the twofold character of the thallus and for 
that reason retained in the Cladoniacez. 
Primary thallus persistent. 
1. St. condensatum Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. ii. p. 130 (1795).— 
Primary thallus persistent, of coarse rounded granules sometimes 
flattened out into crenate squamules, glaucous or greyish-white. 
Cephalodia dark-greyish, verrucose, intermixed with the thallus, 
containing Stigonema. Podetia short or almost none, at first 
slightly tomentose then glabrous, the podetial squamules often 
confluent, similar to those of the primary thallus. Apothecia 
moderate in size, terminal, plane, becoming convex, dark-reddish- 
brown; spores 3-7-septate, fusiform-cylindrical, 20-36 pw long, 
1°5-2°5 » thick—Mudd Man. p. 66; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 17 
& Monogr. i. p. 121; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 79 ; ed. 3, p. 71. 
Exsicc. Leight. n. 295 ; Mudd n. 33. 
The primary thallus usually spreads extensively, forming a granular 
crust; the podetia are often scarcely developed, and the apothecia 
may be developed on the basal granules. 
Hab. On the ground and on turf-covered walls in maritime and 
hilly regions.—Dzstr. General and common in the hilly regions of the 
British Isles, rare in the Channel Islands.—B. M. Near Mildenhall, 
Suffolk; near Buxton, Derbyshire; Battersby and Baysdale Moors, 
Cleveland, Yorkshire; Teesdale, Durham; Housesteads, Northumber- 
land; Doune, near Stirling; Auchterhouse, Forfarshire; Aberfeldy, 
Perthshire; Portlethen, Kincardineshire; Craig Guie, Braemar, 
Aberdeenshire. 
Var. condyloideum Nyl. Lich. Scand. p. 66 (1861).—Podetia 
rather more developed and branched, especially near the apex.— 
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 17 & Monogr. i. p. 122 (as form); Leight, 
Lich. Fl. p. 80; ed. 3, p. 72. S. condyloideum Ach, Meth. Lich. 
p. 51 (1803) ; Hook. in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 233. 
Hab. On turf-covered walls in upland districts.—Distr. Local and 
scarce among the Grampians, Scotland.—B. M. Ben Lawers, Aber- 
feldy, Killin and Glen Fender, Perthshire. 
2. St. pileatum Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 582 (1810).—Primary 
thallus persistent, effuse, formed of rather rounded granules 
which tend to become squamulose or coralloid. Cephalodia 
dark-coloured, in flattened tubercules, not frequent, containing 
Stigonema. Podetia short, erect, glabrous, simple or rarely 
branched ; the podetial squamules minute. Apothecia terminal, 
