CLADONIA] CLADONIACEX: 415 
loides montanum fruticuli specie, ubique candicans Dill. Hist. Muse. 
p._107, t. 16, fig. 29 a—p (1741). Lichen rangiferinus L. Sp. Pl. 
p. 1153 (1753); Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 458 (excl. var. 8); Light. 
PY Seot. ii. p. 877 (excl. vars.); With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 41; 
Engl. Bot. t. 173. Cenomyce rangiferina Ach. Syn. Lich. p. 277 
(1814) (incl. f. gigantea); Hook. Fl. Scot. i. p. 65; Tayl. in 
Mackay FI. Hib. ii. p. 79. Cladina rangiferina Nyl. in Not. 
Sallsk. Faun. & FI. Fenn, Forh. n. s. v. p. 110 (1866); Leight. 
in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, xvii. p. 418 (1866) & Lich. FI. 
p-. 74; ed. 3, p. 67; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 22 & Monogr. i. p. 174 
(incl. f. gigantea Lamy in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. xxv. p. 358 (1878)). 
Exsicc. Croall n. 400. 
This species is the well-known ‘ Rein-deer Moss,” and is distin- 
guished from the following chiefly by the larger size and by the yellow 
reaction with potash. It grows in dense groups and sometimes in 
northern countries to a great height (14 ft.). Usually it is tomentose 
and often covered with scurfy dots, or it is quite smooth and in older 
specimens tends to become greyish-brown. The apothecia are rare, 
but the spermogones are more frequent. 
’ 
Hab. On the ground, usually in boggy places, mostly on high 
moorlands.—Distr. Not general nor common in Great Britain; not 
seen from Ireland.—B. M. Trevello Carne, near Penzance, Corn- 
wall; Charwood Forest, Leicestershire; Delamere Forest, Cheshire; 
Snowdon, Carnarvonshire; The Cheviots, Northumberland; Glen 
Lochay and Ben Lawers, Perthshire; Clova Mts., Forfarshire; Craig 
Coinnoch and Glen Callater, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Rothiemurchus 
Forest and Glen Nevis, Invernessshire. 
2. C. sylvatica Hoffm. Deutsch]. Fl. ii. p. 114 (1795).— 
Primary thallus of contiguous or dispersed yellowish-green 
granules, soon evanescent ; podetia branched, dying at the base 
but with continued apical growth, mostly about 5 cm. in length 
and slender, but attaining to 20 cm. and the main axis stoutish, 
about 1-5 mm. thick, cylindrical, somewhat tomentose and scabrid, 
greenish - white, or pale-straw-coloured, the branches short, 
spreading or deflexed, often dilated and perforate at the axils, 
the ultimate branchlets short, subsecund, nodding when sterile, 
erect and subcorymbose when fertile, greenish-grey or pale-straw- 
coloured (K —, K(CaCl) + yellow). Apothecia and spores as 
in the preceding species.—C. rangiferina var. sylvatica Scher. 
Lich. Helv. Spic. p. 38 (1823), Mudd Man. p. 59 & ff. tenuis, 
lappacea, sylvatica and grandis Brit. Clad. p. 25 (1865); var. 
tenuis Floerk. Clad. Comm. p. 164 (1828) & var. silvatica f. grandis 
tom. cit. p. 169. OC. impexa Harm. Lich. Fr. p. 232 (1907); 
A. L. Sm. Monogr. ii. p. 351 (1911). C. ciliata Stirt. in Scot. 
Nat. n. s. il. p. 308 (1888). Coralloides fruticuli species candicans 
corniculis rufescentibus Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 110, t. 16, fig. 508 
(1741). Cladina sylvatica Nyl. in Not. Siillsk. Faun. & Fl. Fenn. 
Forh. n. s. v. p. 110 (1866); Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist; 
ser. 3, xviii. p. 418 (1866) & Lich. Fl. p. 72 (incl. f. sabrosa). 
