CLADONIA | CLADONIACE® 449 
(1827). ©. scabriuseula Del. in Dub. Bot. Gall. ii. p. 623 
(1830). 
Ezsice. Johns. n. 50; Mudd Clad. n. 49 (dark-brown form). 
In some respects this variety is a transition between C. furcata 
and C. squamosa; it is characterized by the podetia being generally 
seabrid and beset with minute squamules and by being frequently 
decorticate, recurved or of somewhat tangled growth. The branches 
vary from very slender to rather stoutish. The reaction for C. scabriu- 
scula is given as K + yellowish; but there is frequently in C. furcata 
sp. & var. a slight yellowish reaction which quickly turns to fuscescent. 
(See Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, xviii. p. 413 (1866).) 
Hab. On moorlands, mossy rocks and old turf-walls in maritime 
and upland districts.—Dzstr. Rather rare in the Channel Islands, 
England, Scotland and Ireland.—b. M. Noirmont, Jersey; near 
Penzance, Cornwall; Shanklin Downs, I. of Wight; Bolt Head, 
Torquay, Becky Falls and Dartmoor, Devon ; Hassocks Gate and Hay- 
mond’s Heath, Sussex; Epping Forest, Essex; Charnwood Forest, 
Leicestershire; Ennerdale Lake, Cumberland; Farndale Moor, Cleve- 
land, Yorkshire; New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Barcaldine, 
Argyll; Rannoch, Perthshire ; near Kincardine ; Glen Muick, Braemar 
and Countesswells, Aberdeenshire; Loch Linnhe, Invernessshire; 
Kylemore, Galway. 
27. C. rangiformis Hoffm. Deutschl. Fl. 1. p. 114 (1795).— 
Primary thallus of rather small crenate squamules, soon evanes- 
cent ; podetia slender, erect, much branched, repeatedly dicho- 
tomous, rarely sorediose, smooth, but the cortex areolate, greyish- 
or sometimes brownish-white, the branches intricate, spreading, 
furcate and gradually attenuate at the apices which are often 
reddish-brown, closed or sometimes perforate at the axils; 
ascyphous (K + yellow, CaCl—). Apothecia small, brownish ; 
spores 10-13 » long, 3-4 p thick.—C. pungens Floerk. Clad. 
Comm. p. 156 (1828); S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 415 ; Hook. in 
Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 235; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 56; ed. 3, p. 53; 
Cromb. in Grevillea xi. p. 113 & Monogr. i. p. 153 (inel. f. nivea) ; 
f. nivea Koerb. Syst. Lich. Germ. p. 35 (1855); Cromb. in 
Grevillea xv. p. 45. C. furcata var. pungens Mudd Man. p. 58 
& Brit. Clad. p. 23 (incl. f. tenella); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 20. 
Lichenoides tubulosum ramosissimum, fruticuli specie candicans, 
corniculis rufescentibus Dill. in Ray Syn. ed. 3, p. 67,n. 15 (1724). 
Coralloides fruticuli specie candicans, corniculis rufescentibus Dill. 
Hist. Muse. p. 110, t. 16, fig. 30.4 (1741). Lichen pungens Ach. 
Lich. Suec. Prodr. p. 202(1798) ; Engl. Fl. t. 2444. L. rangiferinus 
var. 8 Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 458 (1762) ; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 879 
(fide Cromb. Monogr. i. p. 153); var. 2, With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. 
p. 42. Beomyces pungens var. niveus Ach. Meth, p. 354 (1803). 
Ezxsicc. Cromb. n. 123; Leight. n. 16; Mudd n. 16 pro parte 
& Clad. nos. 54, 55. 
Easily confused with C. furcata an the one hand and C. sylvatica 
on the other. From the former it differs in the habit of growth, due 
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