452 CYCLOCARPINE® [ CLADONIA 
var. ventricosa and ff. asperella, ferulacea? and polychonia) ; 
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 20 (excl. subsp. cxspitica) & Monogr. i. 
p. 156 (inel. f. ventricosa) ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 66; ed. 3, p. 61 
pro parte; var. asperella Floerk. Clad. Comm. p. 132 (1828); ~ 
var. attenuata Fr. Lich. Eur. p. 231 (1831) (non Hoffm.); var. 
ventricosa Fr. 1. c. (non Huds.). C. speciosa Cromb. in Grevillea 
xi. p. 114 (1883). C. asperella Cromb. Monogr. i. p. 159 (1894) 
(incl. f. polychonia). Bzeomyces sparassus (incl. var. ventricosus) 
Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 347 (1803). Lachen sparassus Sm. Engl. Bot. 
t. 2362 (1811). Cenomyce sparassa Ach. Syn. Lich. p. 273 (1814) ; 
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 64; Tay]. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 80. 
Schasmaria sparassa 8. F. Gray Nat. Arr. 1. p. 416 (1821). 
Ezasice. Cromb. n, 124; Johns. nos. 176 and 293; Larb. 
Cesar. n. 10 pro parte; Mudd n. 13 & Clad. nos. 31, 40 (pro 
parte), 41, 42. 
Distinguished chiefly by the generally decorticate squamulose 
podetia, which vary in size from 1 to about 5 cm. in height. Though 
usually naked between the squamules, they are sometimes covered 
with a warted brown cortex spotted with white, like injured places. 
The podetia are sometimes stout and swollen, especially at the axils 
(f. ventricosa), or they may be narrow and almost without squamules ~ 
(ff. attenwata, asperella and polychonia). The scyphi, when formed, 
are pervious and ragged-looking with the unequal proliferations. 
Stirton records a specimen, evidently of C. sguamosa, as C. confertula 
n. sp. in which he obtained a greenish-blue and ultimately a yellowish 
reaction with CaCl (Scott. Nat. n. s. iii. p. 308 (1888) ). 
Hab. Among mosses on the ground and on rocks in wooded, 
maritime and inland regions.—Dvistv. General and usually common 
where it occurs, chiefly in the hilly regions of the British Isles.—B. M. 
Noirmont Bay, Jersey; St. Breock, Cornwall; Bovey Tracey and near 
Becky Falls, Devon; Eridge, Sussex; Epping Forest, Essex; Charn- 
wood Forest, Leicestershire; Dolgelly and Aberdovey, Merioneth ; 
Conway Falls, Carnarvonshire; Kildale Moor, Baysdale, Stogdale, 
Westerdale, Broughton, Guisboro’ and Ingleby Park, Cleveland, York- 
shire; Windermere, Westmoreland ; Juniper Pell, Teesdale, Durham ; 
West Allen Carrs, Northumberland; New Galloway, Kirkeudbright- 
shire; Barcaldine, Argyll; Bracklin Bridge, Glen Lochay, Rannoch 
and Loch Tay, Perthshire; Durris, Kincardineshire; Craig Cluny, 
Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Rothiemurchus Woods and Loch Linnhe, 
Invernessshire ; Doneraile Mts., Cork; Killarney, Kerry; Kylemore, 
Galway; Achill Island, Mayo; Black Mountain, near Belfast, Antrim. 
Subsp. denticollis Hoffm. Deutsehl. Fl. ii. p. 125 (1795).— 
Squamules of primary thallus and of podetia small or rather 
large and deeply laciniate-crenate or hooded, the podetia usually 
rather short, seyphiferous, mostly decorticate.—C. squamosa var. 
asperella f. multibrachiata Floerk. Clad. Comm. p. 133 (1828) ; 
var. microphylla Scher. Enum, p. 198 (1850) (inel. ff. simpliciuscula 
and prolifera) ; Mudd Man. p. 56 ; var. ventricosa ff. multibrachiata 
and cymosa Mudd Brit. Clad. p. 20 (1865) ; form eucullata Cromb. 
in Journ. Bot. xiv. p. 360 (1876) & Monogr. i. p. 157. C. ventri- 
cosa var. microphylla Scher. Lich. Helv. Spice. p. 316 (1833). 
