CLADONIA | CLADONIACE 457 
p. 268 (1814). Scyphophora digitata var. monstrosa 8S. F. Gray 
Nat. Arr. i. p. 422 (1821). 
Exsicc. Johns. n. 296; Mudd Clad. n. 69. 
A turgid form of the species, rarely found fertile. 
Hab. On decaying trunks of trees in wooded mountainous districts. 
—Distr. Local and scarce in N. England, 8. Scotland and the 
Grampians, Scotland.—B. M. Battersby, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; 
Windermere, Westmoreland; Ashgill Woods, Cumberland; New 
Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Ben Lawers, Perthshire; Craig 
Coinnoch and Craig Cluny, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 
Basal squamules moderate in size. 
35. C. deformis Hoffm. Deutschl. Fl. ii. p. 120 (1795).— 
Squamules of primary thallus moderate in size or rather 
large, crenate or lobate, ascending or adpressed, pale-green 
above, whitish beneath ; podetia elongate (up to about 3 inches 
long) turgid, simple, without squamules, or rarely with minute 
squamules towards the base, partly corticate or sulphur- 
yellow-pulverulent, opening to a thin-walled scyphus which is 
regular or difform, crenate-dentate at the margins or irregularly 
proliferous (Kf + yellowish, K(CaCl) + yellow). Apothecia 
separate or aggregate ; spores 8-10 » long, 3—4 » thick.—Cromb. 
Lich. Brit. p. 21 & Monogr. i. p. 165 (incl. ff. gonecha and 
pulvinata) ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 68; ed. 3, p. 63; £. gonecha 
Nyl. Syn. Lich. i. p. 222 (1860) ; Cromb. in Grevillea xi. p. 114 ; 
f. pulvinata Nyl. Lich. Scand. p. 60 (1861); Cromb. in 
Grevillea xv. p. 46. ©. coccifera var. deformis Scher. Lich. 
Helv. Spic. p. 283 (1833) ; Mudd Man. p. 61 (inel. ff. tubeformis 
and subulata) & Brit. Clad. p. 30 (excl. f. pleurota). C. deformis 
f. subulata Scher. Enum. p. 188 (1850). C. ecrenulata var. 
tubeeformis Koerb. Syn. Lich. Germ. p. 30 (1855) (fide Mudd). 
Lichen deformis L. Sp. Pl. p. 1152 (1753) pro parte; Engl. Bot. 
t. 1394 (non Huds.). Cenomyce pulvinata Ach. Lich. Univ. 
p. 544 (1810). C. deformis Ach. Syn. Lich. p. 268 (1814) ; 
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 63. Scyphophora deformis 8. F. Gray Nat. 
Arr. i. p. 422 (1821); Hook. in Sm. Engl. Bot. v. p. 240. 
Exsice. Bohl. n. 39 ; Croall n. 200; Johns. nos. 14 and 294 ; 
Leight. n. 275; Mudd n. 25 and Clad. n. 68. 
Easily distinguished by the rather large, yellow-coloured podetia ; 
sometimes they are bent at the tips, more or less fissured and partly 
corticate. In f. gonecha the scyphi are somewhat more irregular, 
and in f. pulvinata the squamules and podetia are crowded together. 
The apothecia are rare in British specimens. 
Hab. On the ground among heaths in wooded upland districts.— 
Distr. Not very general nor common in W. and N. England, more 
frequent in the Scottish Highlands, not seen from Ireland.—B. M. 
Hay Coppice, Herefordshire; Guisboro’ Moor and Lounsdale, Cleve- 
land, Yorkshire; Windermere, Westmoreland; Alston, Cumberland ; 
