CALICIUM.] CALlCIEr. 89 



citrine colour of the capitiilum is sometimes confined to the margin, and 

 in the herbarium is frequently obliterated. 



Hah. On the trunks of old trees in maritime and upland tracts. — Distr. 

 Very local and scarce in S., E., and N.W. England. — B. ^I.: Bury, Suffolk; 

 Wheatfield Park, Oxfordshire; Esher, Sm-rey ; Bulney, Sussex; New 

 Forest, Hants ; Kemp-ey, Worcestershire ; Brantsdale and Bousdale Gill, 

 Cleveland ; Leveiis, Westmoreland. 



5. C. arenarium Xyl. ecc Lamy, Bull. Soc, Bot. Fr. t. xxv. (187G) 

 p. 345, — Thallus none proper. Apothecia parasitic, somewhat 

 small ; and scattered, stipes more or less elongate, stout, rusty- 

 brown, yellowish-sulFused ; capitulum globoso-lentiform ; spores 

 oblong, simple or faintly 1-septate, 0,UU6-11 mm. long, 0,0025- 

 35 mm. thick. — Cromb. Grevillea, xv. p. 14. — Cijpheliam arenarium 

 Hampe in Mass. Miscell, (1856^ p. 20. Coniocyhe citrina Lcight. 

 Ann. & :M:ag. Xat. Hist. ser. 2, xix. (1857) p. 130, t. 8. ff. 7-9. 

 Cyphelium citrinum. Mudd,Man. p. 261. CaUcium citrinum Cromb. 

 Lich. Brit. p. 12 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 45, ed. 3, p. 44. — Brit, Exs. : 

 Leight. n. 269. 



The colour and general aspect of the fructification as well as the sterile 

 thallus of the ho>t give this species the appearance of a state of Cuuio- 

 ci/be furfuracea. The spores are not fully developed in specimens growing 

 in shady places. 



Hob. Parasitic on the thallus of Lecidea hicida on stones in shady walls 

 in upland districts. — Distr. Kather local and scarce, having been gathered 

 only sparingly in "Wales, N. England, and the Central Highlands, Scot- 

 land. — B. M. : Croesfaen, Monmouthsljire ; between Corwen and Bala, 

 Merionethshire ; near Bent, Yorkshire. Blair Athole, Perthshire. 



6. C. melanophaeum Ach. Yet. Ak. Handl. (1816) p. 276, t. 8. f. 8. 

 — Thallus thickish, granulosa, yellowish- white or cream-coloured 

 (K + red), sometimes neaily obsolete. Apothecia moderate, scattered ; 

 stipes moderate or somewhat long, stout, black; capitulum turbinate, 

 black ; sporal mass occasionally protruded; spores 0,0025-0,008 mm. 

 in diameter. — Mudd, Man. p. 259 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 12; Leight. 

 Lich. Fl. p. 42, ed. 3, p. 41.— Brit. Exs. : Leight. n. 315. 



In general appearance this seems allied to C. trichiale, but the form of 

 the gonidia and the chemical reaction aiford definite marks of distinction. 

 The apothecia are irregularly scattered and generally not numerous in 

 British specimens. 



Hab. On the trunks of old firs and decorticated oaks, rarely on decay- 

 ing posts in wooded upland tracts.- — Distr. Local and scarce in S., E., and 

 N. England ; very rare in Central Scotland. — B. M. : Epping Forest, 

 Essex ; Leith Hill, SuiTey ; Ardingley, Sussex ; New Forest, Hants ; 

 Oakley Park and Hailey "Wood, near Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Louns- 

 dale, Cleveland, Yorkshire. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Blair- 

 drummond, near Stirling, and Aberfeldy, Perthshire. 



Yar. /3. ferrugineum Schaer. Enum. (1850) p. 172. — Thallus 

 granuloso-conglomerate or nearly leprose. Apothecia large, sessile, 

 the stipes immersed in the crust ; spores 0,004-11 mm. in diameter. 



