94 LICHENACEI. [CALlCirM. 



diflfers chiefly in having the capituluni slightly pruinose only at the mar- 

 gin, and the spore-mass very much protruded, giving the apothecia"a 

 miniature resemblance to a painter's brush"' (Turn. & Borr. /. c). The 

 apothecia are very numerous and crowded, varying con.^iderably in size 

 even in the same specimen. The spermogones are frequent, somewhat 

 prominent, black, and often congregate. 



Hdb. On old pales and the decayed trunks of trees, chiefly oaks, in 

 wooded upland districts. — Distr. General, and plentiful where it occurs, 

 in most parts of Great Britain, but local and scarce in the Channel 

 Islands and Ireland. — B. M. : Island of Guernsey. Bury, Suffolk ; Wal- 

 thamstow and Epping Forest, Essex : Balcombe and Shiere, Surrey ; 

 near Hytbe, Kent ; Boliiey, Sussex ; Lyndhm-st, New Forest, Hants ; 

 Bravdoa Forest, Wilts ; Tetsworth, Oxfordshire ; GopsUl Park and Brad- 

 gate Park, Leicestershire; Hay Park, Herefordshire; Hatfield, near 

 Worcester ; Oswestry and Stiperstones, Shropshire ; Aberdovey, Merio- 

 nethshire ; near Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Teesdale, Durham. 

 Barcaldine and Glen Falloch, Argyleshire ; Killia, Craig Calliach, and 

 Blair Athole, Perthshire ; Couutesswell's Wood, near Aberdeen. Castle- 

 martyi", co. Cork. 



12. C. trachelinum Ach. Yet. Ak. Handl. 1816, p. 272, t. 8. f. 7. 

 — Thallus very thin, grauulose, greyish-white, or often obsolete. 

 Apothecia moderate, or somewhat large, scattered or crowded : stipes 

 short and stout, or elongate and slender, black ; capitulum turbinato- 

 globose, reddish beneath ; spores slightly constricted in the middle, 

 1-septate, 0,003-13 mm. long, 0,004-7 mm. thick. — Mudd, Man. 

 p. 258 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 12 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 43, ed. 3, 

 p. 42. — Calicium dauicidarey. tracheUnum Ach. Meth. (1803) p. 91. 

 Calicium siyJicerocephalum Turn. &, Borr. Lich. Br. p. 152; Hook. 

 Fl. Scot. ii. p. 41 ; Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 141 ; Tayl. in Mack. Fl. 

 Hib. ii. p. 77. Phacotium splicBrocephalum Gray, Xat. Arr. i. p. 483. 

 Lichen splicerocejihalns Eng. Bot. t. 414. Coralloides fuuf/iforme 

 arhoreum nir/rum vLv cntstosiim Dill. Muse. 78, t. 14. f. 3 a. — Brit. 

 E:es. : Leight. n. 270 ; Mudd, n. 246 ; Cromb. n. 112 pro parte. 



Readily recognized by the colour of the underside of the capitulum. 

 Occasionally, as in other species, it is more or less suffused with a 

 yellowish lepraria, vrhich remains when the proper thallus has disappeared. 

 The apothecia are usually very numerous, and the stijjes when elongate 

 is sometimes flexuose. The spermogones are generally present and 

 abundant. 



Hnb. On the trunks of old trees, occasionally on pales, in maritime 

 and upland districts. — Distr. Xot very general nor common, throughout 

 England, rare in X. Wales, S. and Central Scotland, and in S.W. Ireland. 

 — B. M. : Earsham, Xorfolk : Lea Bridge Road, Essex ; Henfield, Sussex; 

 New Forest, Hants ; Chedworth Woods, Gloucestershire ; near Wor- 

 cester ; Pophills, Warwickshire ; Pen-y-law, near Oswestry, Salop ; Bar- 

 mouth, Merionethshire ; Kildale, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Eglestone, 

 Durham ; Leven's Park, Westmoreland. Ben Lawers and Den of Dnp- 

 plin, Perthshire ; Mar Lodge, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. Castle Bernard 

 Park, CO. Bandon. 



Form hemiphaBUin Xyl. ex Cromb. Grcvillea, xv. p. 14. — Apo- 

 thecia with the stipes reddish above, or sometimes entirely reddish, 

 — Yar. Jiemiplodum (errore) Nyl., Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 43. 



