114 



LlCnENACEI. 



[I'lLOPnoRrs. 



authors among the Stereocaulei or the Cladonici. Ou accouut of the 

 peculiar texture of the apothecia Xylander has estahlished for it a sepa- 

 rate tribe, distiuguished by the character of the paraphyses. 



2S. PILOPHORUS 

 Fr. fil. Comm. Ster. 

 (1857) p. 40; Tuck. 

 Svn. Lich. Xew Eu^. 

 (i848) p. 46 (ut sec- 

 tio Stereocaidi). Pilo- 

 pJioron Xvl. S}Ti. i. 

 p. 228.— Thallus at 

 the base (when pre- 

 sent) grauiilose or 

 somewhat pulveru- 

 lent, bearing cephalo- 

 dia ; podetia rigid, cy- 

 lindrical, simple or 

 sparingly branched; 

 usually fistulose, in- 

 ternally filamentoso- 

 arachnoid, externally 

 covered with a granu- 

 lose cortex ; gonidia 

 moderate, greenish- 

 yellow. Apotheeia 

 capituliform or often 

 subglobose, solid with- 

 in, corneous ; para- Pj^^ ^o 

 physes thickish or pn^pj^^^ug ccreolus XtI.— «. Yerticnl section of an 

 moderate, blackish at apothecium, x30. 'h. Vertical section of a spermo- 

 the apices, forming a gone. x30. c. Sterign^ata and spermatia, xoOO. 

 thick subhvmenial Pitophorus strumaticiis Nyl.- d. Vertical section 



Invpr • tinnrP'? in ^^ ^^ apothecium. x30. e. Theca and para- 

 lajer spores m -^ ^g.^ ^ g ^^^ 



clavate thecje, which 



have the wall thickened at the apices, ellipsoid or oblongo-ellip- 



soid : hymenial gelatine scarcely (except at the apices of the thecae) 



tinged bluish with iodine. Spermogones affixed to the apices of the 



l)odetia, black; spermatia bacillar, straight or slightly curved. 



This genus is well characterized by the paraphyses being prolonged into 

 the hypothecium, and foiTutug a subhymenial stratum nearly thrice as thick 

 as the hymenium. The re.>t of the hypothecium is formed of confused 

 obhterated cells. The cephalodia, which are adnate and in the fomi of 

 testaceous tiibercules, are internally densely and minutely cellular, with 

 '• the gonimia bluish-green, shortly ellipsoid or subglobose, glomemlosely 

 an-anged or moniliformly joined"' (Xyl. /. c). 



ryl. ex Stiz. St. GaU. Xat. Gcs. (1875) p. 198 

 (1871) p. 55 pro parte. — ITiallus effuse at th< 



1. P. cereolus Xyl. 

 Fr. fil. Lich. Scand. (1871) p. 55 pro parte. — 'ITiallus effuse at the 

 base, forming a verrucnso-gi anulose or pulvcrcscent crust, greyish- 



