PYCNOTHELIA.] CLADONIEI. 125 



occasionally numerous and crowded. The apothecia in tliis country are 

 extremely rare, at least iu a rifrhtly developed coi ditidu. TLe spernin- 

 gones, however, are frequent, with speriuatia 0,010-13 mm. long-, 0,000o 

 mm. thick. 



Hah. On the ground in dry exposed places of upland and subalpiiie 

 moorland districts. — Dhtr. General, but nowhere common, in the hilly 

 and mountainous tracts of Great Britain and Ireland. — B. M. : Mouse- 

 hold Heath, Norwich, Norfolk ; Bournemouth, Hants ; Dartmoor, Devon- 

 shire ; St. Breock, Cornwall ; Llaudrindod Hill, Badnorshire ; Ayton, 

 Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Eglestone, Durham. New Galloway, Kii-kcud- 

 hrightshire ; Appin, Argyleshire ; Ben liawers and Rannocli, Perth.-hire ; 

 Beuuaboord, Morrone (frt.), and above Loch Callater, Braemar, Aber- 

 deenshire ; Ben Nevis, Inverness-shire : Applecross, Ross-shire ; near 

 Lairg. Sutherlandshire. Doneraile Mts., co. Cork ; Kilkee, co. Clare ; 

 Killarney, co. Ken-y. 



Form molariformis, Cromb. Grevillea, si. p. 111. — Podetia longer, 

 thicker, divided towards the apices, the branches short, subpapillate, 

 subfastigiate. — Yar. molariformis Nyl. in Cromb. Lich. Brit. (IbTO) 

 p. 18. — Cladonia molariformis Hoffm. Deutsch. PI. (1795) p. 117. 



A luxuriant and robust form, with the podetia crowded and branched, 

 and the basal crust but little visible. Nylaixler obsenes (Lich. Scand. 

 p. 50) that it occurs mere frequently in Central than in Northern Europe ; 

 and this coiTesponds with its distribution in Great Britain. "With us the 

 apothecia do not occm-, and the spermogones are less frequent than in 

 the type. 



Hab. On the ground among rocks in upland situations. — Distr. Yery 

 local, though common where it occurs, in S. England. — B. M. : Ardingly 

 Bocks, Sussex. 



2. P. apoda Nyl. Flora, 18G5, p. 211 (note), 1878, p. 241.— 

 Thallus thin, thinly graniiloso-crustaccoiis, white or whitish ; podetia 

 small, erect, ellipsoideo-vesiculose or subgranuliform (K4- yellow, 

 CaC'l— ). Apothecia sessile, small, often aggregate, plane, immar- 

 ginate or somewhat convex, rusty-red or red-ochraceous : spores 

 fusiformi-oblong, 0,007-0,010 mm. long, 0,004 mm. thick ; epithe- 

 cium reddish-brown. — Cromb. Grevillea, vii. p. 97; Leight. Lich. 

 Fl. ed. 3, p. 544. 



From the preceding well distinguished by the apothecia beirg sessile 

 on the basal thallus. The podetia, which are few, are seen only in an 

 abortive condition. A singular character of the plant is that the speimo- 

 gones usually occur inclosed in the bymenium, vsithout any distinct con- 

 ceptacle. The spermatia are slightly arcuate, 0,008-0,012 mm. long, 

 0,0005 mm. thick. 



Hab. On the ground in a maritime di.-trict. — Distr. Yery local and raiv, 

 in N.W. Ireland (near Kylemore, co. Galway). 



