134 LICHENACEI. [CLADONIA. 



tlie scyphi proliferous from the margins. The apothecia do not usually 

 occur. 



Hah. On the ground in upland situations. — Distr. Local and scarce in 

 S.W. England, S.W. Scotland, and the S.W. Highlands.— B. M. : Near 

 Widdicombe, Devonshire ; Bodmin, Cornwall. New Galloway, Kirk- 

 cudbrightshii-e ; Barcaldine, Argyleshire. 



Form Isignyi Nyl. Flora, 1875, p. 447. — Podetia densely squa- 

 muloso-foliaceous. Apothecia moderate, dark-brown. — Cromb. Gre- 

 villoa, 5V. p. 44. — Cladonia pyxidata fi. pitj/rea k. d' Isignyi Mudd, 

 Brit. Clad. p. 16. Cladonia Isignyi Del. fide Nyl. 1. c. 



The podetia are usually covered with f olioles except towards the apices, 

 where they are more or less squamulose. In perfect specimens the basal 

 thallus is more developed than in the type. With us it is rarely well- 

 fertile. 



Hab. Among mosses on the ground and about the roots of trees in 

 maritime and upland districts. — Distr. Local and rare in the Channel 

 Islands and the Central Grampians, Scotland. — B. M. : Grosnez Common, 

 Island of Jersey. Near Falls of Tummel, Perthshire. 



9. C. cariosa Sprang. Syst. Yeg. iv. (1827) p. 272.— ThaUus 

 squamulose at the base ; squamules minute, crenato-incised, greyish- 

 glaucous above, white beneath ; podetia rather short, somewhat 

 stout, simple or branched, at first smooth, becoming granulato-ver- 

 rueose, partly denudate, and then almost white carioso-cancellate, 

 greyish-glaucous or glaucous ; scyphi digitately divided into sub- 

 fastigiate branches (K + yellow, CaCl — ). Apothecia turgid, some- 

 what large, subconfluent, brown ; spores 0,000-13 mm. long, 0,004-5 

 mm. thick. — Mudd, Brit. Clad. p. 6 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 19 ; 

 Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 57, ed. 3, p. 55. — Cladonia gracilis E. cariosa 

 Mudd, Man, p. 55. Cenomyce cariosa Borr. Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2761 ; 

 Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 80. Lichen cariosus Ach. Prodr. 

 (1798) p. 198. Coralloides -fungiforme fuscum, hasi foliacea Dill. 

 Muse. 77, t. 14. f. 2.— Brit. Exs. : Mudd, Clad. n. 5. 



Easily known by the cai-ioso-cancellate podetia, which, with the other 

 characters, show it to be a very distinct species. The basal squamules 

 are sometimes very small or evanescent, and minute squamules are rare 

 on the podetia. These latter are crowdedly and longitudinally sulcate or 

 subhssured, and usually corj'mbosely divided at the apices. The apo- 

 thecia are occasionally entirely sessile and subconfluent on the podetia. 



Hah. On clayey and sandy soil in maritime and upland wooded dis- 

 tricts. — Distr. Apparently local and scarce in S.W. and N. England, the 

 W. Highlands of Scotland, and S.W. Ireland. — B. M. : Horsemunden, 

 Kent ; Wyre Forest and Bewdley, Worcestershire ; Ayton, Cleveland, 

 Yorkshire. Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; Loch Katrine, Perthshhe ; Loch- 

 aher, Inverness-shire. 



10. C. fimbriata Fr. Lich. Eur. (1831) p. 222.— ThaUus squa- 

 mulose at the base ; squamules minute, greyish-green above, white 

 beneath, occasionally evanescent ; podetia usually somewhat elon- 



