CI.AUr.N'A.] CLAUOMEI. 181 



Cladonia aniaurorrmt c. dejiressa ^ludd, Brit. Clad, ]). 28. — Brit. 

 Exs. : iliidd, n. 18, Clad. n. 04. To this is probably referable Mudd, 

 Clad. u. (i'd, as an atypical state. 



"Well distinguished as a sub.-pecies by the vaguely directed ascyphous 

 podetia. It appears on the summits of the higher Grampians in the form 

 of rotundflte tufts of moderate size, and along with a small form of Lyco- 

 podium Sel(i(/o L. often constitutes the scanty vegetation of the granitic 

 and schi>tos'e detritus. The debris of the podetia, broken by the tread of 

 sheep or the red deer, may be found extensively scattered over the ground 

 (cfr. L:imy, Lich. Mt. Dor. p. 2o). It is never fertile. 



Ilalj. On sterile moorbnds and mountains from upland to alpine regions. 

 — Didr. Local in X. Wales, N. England, and S. Scotland ; but usually 

 abundant amon^r the Grampians, Scotland, especially in Braemar. — B. M. : 

 Snowdon, Carnarvonshire: Baysdale and Guisboro' Moc rs, Cleveland, 

 Yorkshire. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Ben Lawers, Perth- 

 shire : Morrone and Cairngorm, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Ben Nevis, 

 Inverness-shire. , 



Series III. Ramalodei Xyl. Mem. Soc. Cherb. iii. (1855) p. 170. 



Tliallus fruticulose or filamentose, erect or pendulous, rounded, 

 compressed, or angulose, corticate on both sides, destitute of leaflets, 

 granules or basal crust, internally hollow or solid. Apothecia 

 usually lecanorine, rarely lecideine or difForra ; spores ellipsoid and 

 simple, or oblong and 1-8-septate ; paraphyses either not discrete 

 or sometimes discrete. Spermogones with sterigmata either simple 

 or pauci-articulate, and straight, rarely curved spcrmatia. 



This series is distinguished from the preceding by the naked th alius 

 and the absence of a basal crust. Though more compact and better 

 limited than Cladodei, the tribes and genera of which it is composed differ 

 considerably from each other. There are, however, close and important 

 links which render the series a vers' natural one. 



Tribe VI[. ROCCELLEI Nvl. Mem. Soc. Cherb. iii. (1855) 



p. 170. 



Thallus subsimple or branched, rounded or compressed, subcarti- 

 Jaginous, erect, or at length somewhat pendulous, internally entirely 

 filled with a filamentose medulla. Apothecia lecanorine, lecideine, 

 or irregular, lateral or terminal, adnate or innate ; spores 8nae (or 

 Gnse), oblongo-fusiform, 3-septate, colourless ; paraphyses discrete. 

 Spermogones immersed : sterigmata simple or subsimple. 



A distinct tribe, comprising two small genera, one of which. Comlea, 

 is exotic. The species are maritime, occiu-ring on rocks, occasionally on 

 trees, chiefly in wanu regions, where they occupy the p'ace ot the mari- 

 time Ramalinas of colder climates, towards which in habit and various 

 characters thev approach. They yield a valuable purple d}e — the well- 

 known •' Orchill ■' of commerce. 



