192 LICHENACEI. [rAMALINA. 



Externallv like H. calicaris, hut distinguished hy its curved spores. 

 The apothecia are small and numerous; the spermatia are 0,00-J5-4-j mm. 

 long, 0,001 mm. thick. 



Hah. On the branches of trees in upland situations. — Disfr. Gathered 

 only very sparingly in W. England and X. "Wales. — B. M. : Near Bar- 

 mouth, Merionethshire; Kendal, Westmoreland; Laiuplugh, Cumberland. 



5. R. fastigiata Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 603 pro parte. — 

 Thallus subrigid, subcompressed or intiato-bollow, smoothish or lon- 

 gitudinally unequal and nervoso-rugose, pale straw-coloured or 

 greenish-white ; lacini;e short, subfastigiate, crowded (medulla 

 K — ). Apothecia terminal, peltato-sessile, plane or convex, small 

 or moderate, pale-testaceous or glnucous, the receptacle somewhat 

 rugose beneath ; spores oblongo-ellipsoid, curved, 0,009-17 mm. 

 long, 0,005-7 mm. thick. — Gray, Ifat. Arr. i. p. 40() ; Hook. Fl. 

 Scot, ii, p. (58 ; 8m. Eng. El. v.* p. 225 ; Tayl. in M:aek. El. Hib. ii. 

 p. 85 ; Leight. Lich. El. ed. 2, p. 473, ed. 3, p. 86. — Rcoaalina 

 calicariH ft. fasti giata Mudd, Man. p. 73; Crorab. Lich. Brit. p. 25 ; 

 Leight. Lioh. El. p. 94. Lichen fasii(/iatiis Pers. iu Ust. X. Ann. 

 i. (1794) p. 256; Eng. Bot. t. 890 (lower figs.). Lichen calicaris 

 Huds. El. Angl. p. 451 pro parte : Lightf. El. 8cot. ii. p. 834 pro 

 parte. IJchenoides cornvtum bronchiole woUe, siihtus incanum Dill, 

 Muse. 160, t. 21. f. 55 b. Lichenoides coraUiformc, rostratum et 

 canalictdatnm Dill. Muse. 170, t. 23. f. 62 c. — Brit. E.vs.: Leight. 

 n. 32 : Mudd, n. 43; Larbal. Caesar, n. 60; Lich. Hb. n. 287; 

 Bohl. n. -J-J. 



Although Xylander (Mnu. Ram. p. 39) considers this to he scarcely 

 more than a variety or subspecies of the preceding, yet its constant 

 characters induce me to treat it as a species. From young states of 

 R. fraxinea it is distinguished by tlie thallus being Ciiespitose, erect, more 

 contracted and subfastigiately divided. Externally it approaches ii. cali- 

 caris var. suhfastigiata, but the spores are more typically curved. The 

 apothecia are usually very numerous and the spermogones rare, with 

 spermatia 0,003o mm. long, about 0,001 mm. thick. 



Hah. On the trunks, and more especially on the branches, of trees in 

 wooded maritime and upland districts. — Disfr. General and common in 

 Great Britain, seldom seen in the fir woods of the Highlands ; rare in 

 Ireland and the Channel Islands. — B. M. : Islands of Jersey and Guern-ey. 

 Epping Forest and Copthall (4reen, Essex ; Penshurst, Kent ; Beeding 

 Priory, Sussex ; New Forest, Hampshire ; near Kyde, Isle of ^^'iuht ; 

 near Penzance and Withiel, Cornwall; Cirencester, Gloucestershire; 

 Eversden Wood, Cambridgeshire : Charuwood Forest, Leicestershire ; 

 Malvern and Broadwas, Worcestershire ; near Oswestry and ShreAvsbury, 

 Shropshire; Causeway, Warwickshire: Aberdovey, Merioneth, and Angle- 

 sea; near Over, Cheshire; Cleveland, Yorkshire: Teesdale, Durham; 

 Kendal, Westmoreland ; Lamplugh, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirk- 

 cudbrightshire ; Tester House, Haddington ; Poslin and Bonally, Mid- 

 Lothian ; Bowling Bay, Dumbarton : Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; Loch 

 Tay, Blaeberry Hill, and Blair Athole. Perthshire; .Vbergeldie and 

 Craig Coinnoch, Braemar, .Aberdeen shire ; Glen Nevis, Inverness-shire ; 

 near Strathpeffer, lioss-.shire ; Lairg, Sutherlandshire. Derriquin, co. 

 Kerrv. 



