206 LICUEXACEI. [USNKA. 



Yorkshire; Ashgill Woods and Lamplugh, Cumberland. Stronaclacban 

 ^Voods and Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; C'oiintesswells Woods, near Aber- 

 deen; Ballochbuie Forest, Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Rothiemui'chus 

 AN'uods, Inverness-shire; Cawdor Woods, Nairn, Morayshire. 



Yar. fl. scabrosa Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 620.— Thallus 

 pmaller, erect or suberect, subcaespitose, more or less fibrillose, papil- 

 loso-scabrid, verrucoso-sorediate : otherwise as in the type. — Crorab. 

 Jouru. Bot. 1882, p. 272.— Brit. E.vs. : Mudd, n. 34 ; Leight. n. 1 

 pro parte; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 285. 



When erect and fibrillose this is not unlike U.Jlorida, from v\-hich it 

 differs in the papilla? and prominent verrucose soredia, with which it is 

 more or less covered. It is 3-5 inches in length, and is rarely fertile, 

 though cephalodia are often present. 



Hah. On trunks and branches of trees, also on stunted shrubs and 

 rocks in maritime and upland districts. — Distr. Bather local, though 

 plentiful Avhere it occurs iu S., W., and N. England, N. Wales, S. Scotland, 

 and the S.W. Highlands : not seen from Ireland. — B. M. : Boulay Jiay, 

 Island of Jersey. High Rocks, near Tunbridge AN'ells, and Lydd,lveut ; 

 St. Leonard's Forest, Sussex ; Lyndhurst, New Forest, Hampshire ; near 

 Lydford, S. Devon ; Gopsall, Leicestershire; Ilaughmond, Hill, Shrop- 

 shire ; near Dolgelly, Merionethshire ; Ayton Moor, Cleveland, York- 

 shire ; Calder Abbey, Cumberland. New GaUoway, Kirkcudbrightshii-e ; 

 Appin, Argyleshire. 



Form ferruginascens Cromb. Trans. Essex Field Club, iv. (1885) 

 p. 60. — Thallus erect, small, deep rustj'-red. Apothecia not seen. — 

 Csnea Jlorida f. ruhir/iiua (non Mich.), Gray, Xat. Arr. i. p. 403 ; 

 Cromb. Jouru. Bot. 1870, p. 96 ; Leight. Lich. FI. p. 86, ed. 3, 

 p. 77. 



£^■^dently an accidental condition, abnormally coloured by some kind 

 of maceration. The main branches are occasionally sparingly articulate 

 towards the base. It is always sterile. 



Hah. On trees and shrubs in maritime and upland tracts. — Distr. 

 Hainault Forest, Essex ; Lydd, Kent ; St. Leonard's Forest and Maple- 

 hurst, Sussex ; New Forest, Hampshire ; Falls of Beckey, S. Devon ; 

 Withiel, Cornwall. Near Belfast, co. Antrim. 



5. TJ. articulata Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. ii. (1705) p. 135.— Thallus 

 pendulous, nearly smooth, flaccid, very much and dichotomously 

 branched, pale-greyish or pale-yellowish ; branches elongate, arti- 

 culato-constrictcd, the articulations ventricose, discrete; branchlets 

 slender, fibrillose and entangled. Apothecia small, pale, somewhat 

 spaiiugly fibrilloso-ciliate.— Cromb. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xvii. 

 p 554. — Usma barhata /3. articulata Graj', Nat. Arr. i. p. 404 ; 

 Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 70 (e); Mudd, Man. p". 69; Cromb. Lich. Brit, 

 p. 23 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 85, ed. 3, p. 77. Lichen articnlattis 

 Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) p. 1156 : Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 462 ; AVith. Arr. 

 ed. 3, iv. p. 48, et var. 2 harhatus ; Eng. Bot. t. 258. f. 1. Usnea 

 harhata Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 231. Usnea aij^illacea nodosa Dill. 



